Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market name化州橘皮
Formal name橘皮
Japanese nameきっぴ, Kippi
Vernacular nameJupi
Latin nameAurantii Nobilis Pericarpium
English nameCitrus Peel
Original plant nameCitrus grandis Osbeck, (Buntan), Buntan
Family nameRutaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification fruit peal, pericarp
Collection informationJapan, Tokyo, Uchida Wakanyaku Co., Ltd.
Collection date1992/10/15
CollectorTakashi Tsuchida
IdentifierTakashi Tsuchida
TMPW No.12235

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
Production area information
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
35.6894875
139.69170639999993
Collection information
Japan,Tokyo
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Scientific information data base

Common name橘皮, Jupi, Tachibana Pericarpium (Non-JPS2022), Citrus Peel (Non-JPS2022)
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Original plant nameCitrus tachibana Tanaka1, C. leiocarpa Tanaka2 or C. grandis Osbeck3; C. unshiu Marc.4, C. reticulata Blanco, (Tachibana1, Kōji2, Zabon3, Unshūmikan4)
original plant image
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Family nameRutaceae
Used partmature fruit peal
Quality for selectionThe older the better. It has milder aroma than fresh one. It is a kind of liuchen. (TN)
Official compendiumNon-JPS(2022)
Clinical applicationAs aromatic and bitter stomachic, carminative, expectorant and antitussive drug, it is applied to treat anorexia, vomiting, catharsis, pain and cough. It enters the qi system of lung and spleen, and is applied to upper and middle energizer..
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine		Traditional
classification		Carminatives for regulating flow of Qi
Beneficial effect[Property and Flavor] Warm; bitter and pungent.
[Meridian Tropism] Lung and spleen meridians.
[Actions] To regulate qi, fortify the spleen, dry dampness and resolve phlegm.
[Indications] Distention and fullness in the epigastrium and abdomen, reduced food intake with vomiting and diarrhea, cough and profuse sputum.
Chemical constituentMonoterpenoids
C. tangerina (*C1):
alpha-Pinene, beta-Pinene, Limonene, beta-Phellandrene, p-Cymene, alpha-Terpinene, linalool, Linalyl acetate

Flavones & Flavonols
C. reticulata (*C2,C3,C4):
Isosinensetin, Sinensetin, 5,7,8,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone, Nobiletin, Tangeretin, 5-Hydroxy-7,8,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone, 5-Demethylnobiletin,
(Tetra-O-methylscutellarein, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, 3-Hydroxy-5,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone)
C. tangerina (*C4):
Isosinensetin, Sinensetin, 5,7,8,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone, Nobiletin, tetra-O-Methylscutellarein, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, 3-Hydroxy-5,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone, Tangeretin, 5-Hydroxy-7,8,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone, 5-Demethylnobiletin
C. erythrosa (*C4):
Isosinensetin, Sinensetin, 5,7,8,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone, Nobiletin, tetra-O-Methylscutellarein, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, 3-Hydroxy-5,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone, Tangeretin, 5-Hydroxy-7,8,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone, 5-Demethylnobiletin
C. grandis (*C4):
Rhoifolin

Flavanones & Dihydroflavonols
C. reticulata (*C2,C3,C4):
Hesperetin, Narirutin, Hesperidin
C. tangerina (*C1,C4):
Hesperidin, Poncirin, Naringenin, Narirutin
C. erythrosa (*C4):
Narirutin, Hesperidin
C. grandis (*C4):
Naringenin, Hesperetin, Naringin

Coumarins
C. reticulata (*C3,C4):
(Oxypeucedanin, Isoimperatorin)
C. tangerina (*C4):
Limettin, Isomeranzin
C. erythrosa (*C4):
Poncirin, Isomeranzin
C. grandis (*C4):
Meranzin hydrate, Meranzin, Marmin, 5-[(6,7-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-2-octenyl) oxy]-Psoralen

Alkaloids
Ctrus spp. (*C5)
Synephrine

Chemical structure






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Pharmacological effectSedative, inhibition of central nervous system, ileum extirpation, contraction of uterus and peripheral blood vessel, mucosal and local stimulation, increase in inner pressure of gallbladder and hypertonia of Sphincter of Oddi, increase in bile secretion, acceleration of intestinal movement, decrease in the level of cholesterol in liver and serum (d-limonene). antiulcer （nobiletin）．Sympathomimetic action （synephrine）．Antiinflammatory （naringin，neohesperidin，nobiletin，tangeretin，sinensetin，xanthotoxin），antiallergic（nobiletin，tangeretin，3-methoxynobiletin，sinensetin），inhibition of c-AMP phosphodiesterase （nobiletin，tangeretin，3-demethylnobiletin）．Strengthening of capillary（hesperidin）, and antioxidant（3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid）．
DNA sequenceAF312228; Traditioal Medical & Parmaceutical Database.
Classical reference
(Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao")		※Click this image to see the actual image
DiseaseFull stomach, Vomitting, Diarrhea, Anorexia, Feeling of pressure in the chest, Cough, A lot of sputum
FormulationUreitsukito, Kabinto, Kippikijitsushokyoto, Kippi-daio-bokusho-to, Kippichikujoto, Kippihangeto, Gyokusuito, Kumihangeto, Keimeisan, Keimeisankabukuryo, Saikoyoeito, Joshitsuhokito, Chuseito, Tojichuippo, Baimoto, Hontonto, Rogyokuto
Related drugsChinpi (Citrus Unshiu Peel), Chenpi (Dried Tangerine Peel), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), Chengpi (Bitter Orange Peel), Zhiqiao (Orange Fruitproduced in China), Zhishi (Immature Orange Fruit)
ReferencesNon-JPS2022: The Japanese standards for non-Pharmacopoeial crude drugs 2022.
CP2020: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020 edi.
C1)The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. I, pp 257-260.
C2)Nat.Med.,51,231(1997).
C3)Nat.Med.,50,114(1996).
C4)Nat.Med.,51,205(1997).
C5)Shoyakugaku Zasshi,46,150(1992).
RemarksOld Jupi is called Chen-jupi or Chenpi for short. In Japanese market, Chinese Chenpi is called Jupi, which may be distinguished from Japanese Chenpi.
The Japanese standards for non-Pharmacopoeial crude drugs (1989) defined Jupi as the ripe peel of C. tachibana Tanaka or allied species (ex. Tachibana Pericarpium), but its 2022 edition difines it as described above.
Last renewal date2022/07/19
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