Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | 胡黄連 |
|---|---|---|
| Formal name | 胡黄連 | |
| Japanese name | こおうれん, Koōren | |
| Latin name | Picrorrhizae Rhizoma (CP) | |
| English name | Figwortflower Picrorrhiza Rhizome (CP) | |
| Original plant name | Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell, Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Benth. | |
| Family name | Scrophulariaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | rhizome |
| TMPW No. | 1236 | |
Scientific information data base
| Common name | 胡黄連, Huhuanglian, Picrorrhizae Rhizoma (CP2020), Figwortflower Picrorrhiza Rhizome (CP2020) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| crude drug image |
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| Original plant name | Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell, Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle ex Bentham | |||||
| original plant image |
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| Family name | Scrophulariaceae | |||||
| Used part | rhizome | |||||
| Official compendium | CP (2020 ed.) | |||||
| Clinical application | As an antifebrile, antidote, sedative, stomachic, and insecticide, it is applied to treat infantile convulsions, diarrhea, jaundice, hemorrhoids, and eye inflammation. | |||||
| Medical system | Traditional Chinese medicine | |||||
| Drug effect in traditional medicine | Traditional classification | Drugs for fever of deficiency type | ||||
| Beneficial effect | [Property and Flavor] Cold; bitter. [Meridian Tropism] Liver, stomach and large intestine meridians. [Actions] To relieve deficiency heat, relieve malnutrition fever, and clear dampness-heat. [Indications] Bone-steaming and tidal fever, infantile malnutrition fever, dampness-heat diarrhea and dysentery, jaundice and red urine, painful swelling hemorrhoids. | |||||
| Chemical constituent | Monosaccharides Picrorhiza kurrooa (*C3): D-Mannitol Monoterpenoids P. kurrooa (*C1, C2): Picroside I, Picroside II, Picroside III, Kutakoside P. scrophulariiflora (*C3): Picroside IV Phenylpropanoids P. kurrooa(*C1): Kutkin (= 6-Cinnamyl-beta-D-glucosidyl vanillate) Phenol derivatives P. kurrooa (*C2): Apocynine Other aromatic derivatives P. kurrooa (*C1): Vanillic acid P. scrophulariiflora (*C3): Scroside A, Scroside B, Scroside C | |||||
| Chemical structure |   
※画像をクリックすると、拡大して表示されます。 | |||||
| Pharmacological effect | Hepatoprotective effect (picroside II). Anti-inflammatory effect． | |||||
| Classical reference (Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao") |  ※Click this image to see the actual image | |||||
| Disease | Fever due to child malnutrition, Diarrhea, Jaundice, Hemorrhoid | |||||
| Formulation | rarely used in formula | |||||
| Related drugs | Katuki, Picrorhiza kurrooa used in Ayuruveda | |||||
| References | CP2020: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020 edi. C1)The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. I, pp 160-161. C2)Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook p 228. C3)Phytochemistry 47, 537-542 (1998). | |||||
| Remarks | - Based on histomorphological (presence of inner sheath fibers) and chemical (GC-MS comparison) studies, the original plant of "Koku-Ōren" which is kept in Shosoin Repository was determined to be "Huhuanglian" (胡黄連) of Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora. P. scrophulariiflora is distributed in Nepal, southeastern Tibet Autonomous Region, northwestern Yunnan Province and western Sichuan Province in China. It is the rhizome of this plant that is listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. On the other hand, P. kurrooa is distributed in India, Pakistan, Sikkim and Nepal, and its rhizome and roots are used in Ayurveda as "Katuki" for jaundice, indigestion and fever. In addition, it is now being applied to acute viral hepatitis and bronchial asthma. - Even though it is stored in the Shosoin Repository, it was very expensive and not accessible to the general public. Thus, the Japanese sought alternatives, and Semburi was assigned to this one from the supplemental illustrations in the "Zhenglei Bencao" (証類本草). From the end of the Muromachi period (1333-1573) to the beginning of the Edo period (1603-1868), some scholars realized this was a mistake. This is how Semburi (Tōyaku), one of the most famous Japanese folk medicines, was developed. - "Huhuanglian" (胡黄連), from northeastern China and the Korean Peninsula, is the root of Jeffersonia dubia Benth. (Jap. name: Tatsutasō/Itomakigusa) of the family Berberidaceae and called "Xian huanglian" (鮮黄連). | |||||
| Last renewal date | 2022/01/27 | |||||
