Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | 天麻 |
|---|---|---|
| Formal name | 天麻 | |
| Japanese name | てんま, Temma | |
| Vernacular name | Tianma | |
| Latin name | Gastrodiae Tuber (JP), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (CP) | |
| English name | Gastrodia Tuber (JP), Tall Gaastrodia Tuber (CP) | |
| Original plant name | Gastrodia elata Blume, (Oninoyagara) | |
| Family name | Orchidaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | tuber |
| Collection information | Hong Kong, De Tai Yuan | |
| Collection date | 1991/05/09 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba | |
| TMPW No. | 12837 | |
Scientific information data base
| Common name | 天麻, Tianma, Gastrodiae Tuber (JP), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (CP), Gastrodia Tuber (JP), Tall Gastrodia Tuber (CP) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| crude drug image |
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| Original plant name | Gastrodia elata Blume, (Oninoyagara) | |||||
| original plant image |
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| Family name | Orchidaceae | |||||
| Used part | tuber (without cortex) | |||||
| Quality for selection | Those that are large, yellowish-white, and translucent, and have a shape resembling a melon or a foot (melon-like form), are considered to be of high quality (NI). | |||||
| Official compendium | JHMC (1989), CP (2025 ed.), JP XIX | |||||
| Clinical application | As a tranquilizer and antispasmodic, Tianma is applied for headache, dizziness, hysteria, epilepsy, hemiplegia, convulsion of limbs, general pain and arthralgia due to rheumatism. | |||||
| Medical system | Traditional Chinese medicine | |||||
| Drug effect in traditional medicine | Traditional classification | Anticonvulsives | ||||
| Beneficial effect | [Property and Flavor] Neutral; sweet. [Meridian Tropism] Liver meridian. [Actions] To extinguish wind to arrest convulsions, pacify and repress the liver yang, dispel wind and unblock the collaterals. [Indications] Infantile convulsion, epilepsy, convulsions, tetanus, headache and dizziness, paralyzed limbs, numbness of the limbs, painful impediment caused by wind-dampness. | |||||
| Chemical constituent | Vitamin A derivatives (Retinoids) (*C1): Vitamin A様物質/ Vitamin A like substances Phenol derivatives (*C1,C2): Vanillyl alcohol, Vanillin | |||||
| Chemical structure | 
※画像をクリックすると、拡大して表示されます。 | |||||
| Pharmacological effect | Antispasm. | |||||
| DNA sequence | Traditioal Medical & Parmaceutical Database. | |||||
| Classical reference (Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao") |  ※Click this image to see the actual image | |||||
| Disease | Vertigo, Headache, Stagger, Nausea, Vomitting, Convulsion, Swelling and pain of joint, Numbness, Feeling of heavy and dull, Numbness, Conversion | |||||
| Formulation | Hangebyakujutsutemmato | |||||
| References | JP: The 19th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. CP: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2025 C1)The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. I, pp 15-16. C2)Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, p 321. | |||||
| Remarks | Gastrodia elata Blume (Jap. name: Oninoyagara) grows naturally in Japan. However, it is not produced for commercial purpose. The fake one, which is the dried Solanum tuberosum L. (Jap. name: Jagaimo) is circulated in the market under the name "Yang-Tianma" or "Gui-Tianma". Therefore, care should be taken. | |||||
| Last renewal date | 2026/05/21 | |||||
