Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | BHARHA |
|---|---|---|
| Formal name | Vibhitaka | |
Other names Tips！ | Bahera (T), Bhairah (B), Bahera (H), Bahera, Santikayi (K), Tanni, Tannikka (M), Tandra, Tani (Te), Tanni, Tanrikkai (Ta), Barura (Ti), Barro (N), Bulu (Sin) | |
| English name | Belliric Myrobalan | |
| Original plant name | Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb., Belliric Myrobalan | |
| Family name | Combretaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | fruit |
| Collection information | India, Kolkata, West Bengal , Dr. Alok Kumar Daw | |
| Collection date | 2000/12/19 | |
| Collector | Katsuko Komatsu | |
| TMPW No. | 20544 | |
The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative
location of its administrative area is indicated.
location of its administrative area is indicated.
Production area information
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Collection information
India,Kolkata, West Bengal
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Ayurvedic name or Sanskrit name, English name | Vibhitaka, Belliric Myrobalan | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Synonyms | Mahavrksa, Anupuspa, Giribhava, Vatapatra, Vasantaphala, Aksa, Karsaphala, Kalidruma, Bhutavasa, Kaliyugala, Samvartaka, Kalkiharya, Bahedaka, Anilaghnaka, Bahuvirya, Kasaghna | |||||
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| Original plant name | Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. | |||||
| Family name | Combretaceae | |||||
| Used part | Fruits | |||||
| Distribution area | Throughout India except in arid regions. | |||||
| Remarks | Common. | |||||
| Common uses | Fruits are astringent, acrid, thermogenic, antiinflammatory, anodyne, styptic, narcotic, digestive, anthelmintic, aperient, expectorant, ophthalmic, antipyretic, antiemetic and rejuvenating. It is useful in the treatment of dropsy, dyspepsia, enlargement of spleen, sore throat and piles. It is one of the three ingredients of Triphala and is employed in a large number of drug formulations prescribed for gastro-intestinal and inflammatory diseases. The drug Triphala has significant hypoglycaemic effect and possesses antiinflammatory, antiarthritic and analgesic properties. The combined effect of this drug is claimed to be possessing rejuvenating, astringent, cardio-protective, antiflatulent, antacid, anthelmintic, laxative and antibacterial properties. | |||||
| Therapeutic uses | Kasa (cough), Svasa (respiratory disorders), Hikka (hiccough), Palita (graying of hair), Jantu (worms), Hrdroga (heart disease), Ksaya (emaciation), Kustha (skin diseases), Netrapuspa (pterygium), Mutradosa (urinary disorders), Asmari (calculi) | |||||
| Chemical constituent | Others Fruit contains beta-sitosterol, gallic acid, ellagic acid, ethyl gallate, gallyol glucose, chebulayic acid, mannitol, glucose, galactose, fructose and rhamnose. | |||||
| Pharmacological effect | Fruit possesses myocardial depressive activity. Alcoholic extract of the fruit exerted a negative, chrono-and inotropic and hypotensive effect of a varying magnitude, in a dose-dependent fashion on isolated rat and frog arteria and rabbit heart. Methanolic extract of the fruit peel exhibited inhibitory activity on HIV-1 protease (PR), and on avian myeloblastosis virus (AHV)-reverse transcriptase (RT). | |||||
| Medical system | Ayurveda (Traditional Indian medicine) | |||||
| Traditional concept | Rasa (Taste) | Kasaya (Astringent), Katu (Pungent), Tikta (Bitter), Madhura (Sweet) | ||||
| Virya (Potency) | Usna (Hot) | |||||
| Guna (Quality) | Laghu (Light) | |||||
| Vipaka (Post digestive taste) | Madhura (Sweet) | |||||
| Karma (General action) | Svarya (good for voice), Bhedana (breaking), Madakara (intoxicating) | |||||
| Dosakarma (Action on dosa) | Decreases Kapha, Pitta | |||||
| Dhatukarma(Action on body tissues) | Rakta (blood), Sukla (reproductive tissue), Rasa (first body tissue), Mamsa (muscular tissue), Meda (adipose tissue) | |||||
| Mala (Action on excretory mechanism) | Sara (laxative) | |||||
| Avayava (Action on organ) | Caksusya (good for eyes), Kesya (good for hair), Vaktra (face), Nasa (nose), Kantha (throat) | |||||
| Traditional usage | 1. Vibhitaka (Terminalia bellirica) is taken along with "Sura" (a type of alcohol) for urinary disorders and calculi. 2. Fruit is cooked with rocksalt and taken for diarrhoea/diarrhea. 3. Vibhitaka, Asvagandha (Withania somnifera) along with jaggery is taken for heart diseases. 4. Fruit marrow paste is applied externally for burning sensation. | |||||
| Formulation | Vibhitaka taila, Triphala curna, Phalatrikadi kvatha, Talisadi curna, Lavangadi vati | |||||
| Comments | Fruit marrow is good for thirst, vomiting and Kapha, Vata disorders, light, astringent and intoxicant. This is included in Jvarahara, Virecanopaga groups of Caraka and Triphaladi and Mustadi of Susruta. | |||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | [2] Indian Medicinal Plants - A Compendium of 500 species, Varier, P.S., Orient Longman Ltd. Chennai (Madras) Vol. 5 (Repr.1997), pp 258-262. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, 1956. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi. - New Edition (1996) National Institute Science Communication; Supplement p 241. Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi p 212. Ayurvedic Drugs and Their Plant Sources, 1994. Sivarajan, V.V. and Balachandran, I., Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi p 505. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I, Vol I, Ed. I, 1989. Govt. of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Dept. of Health, New Delhi p 26. Plants in Ayurveda (A Compendium of Botanical and Sanskrit Names), 1997. Abdul Kareem, M., Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore 1606. Dravyagunavijnana, Vols. 1-5, reprint 1998. Sharma, P.V., Chowkhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Vol. 2, pp 239-241. Classical uses of Medicinal Plants, 1996. Sharma, P.V., Chaukhambha Visvabharati, Varanasi p 266. | ||||
| Remarks | Bark is mildly diuretic and is useful in anaemia and leucoderma. Oil obtained from the seeds is trichogenous and is useful in dyspepsia, skin diseases, leucoderma and graying of hair. Fruit is a well known commercial myrobalan, called belliric myrobalan. Dried fruit constitutes the drug 'Bahera'. The half ripe fruits are considered to be purgative. Fruit is one of the constituents of the popular Indian medicine 'Triphala', the three myrobalans, the other two being T. chebula and Phyllanthus emblica. It is also used extensively as an adjunct to many other Unani and Ayurvedic medicines such as Lohasava given for anaemia, Triphala guggulu for obesity; Kancanara guggulu for glandular swelling; Majoon-E-fanjnosh (Unani) - for liver ailments, ascites, spermatorrhoea/spermatorrhea, and dropsy; Majoon-e-flasia (Unani) - given in arthritis, gout, rheumatic pains, and anorexia and Heptoguard-a drug which exhibited hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol induced liver injury in rats. Kofol syrup is given in cough. Fruit is prescribed by the herbal vendors against gastro-intestinal disorders. It is also an ingredient of Livol, a herbal drug having antihepatotoxic activity. It is also given in viral hepatitis. It also possesses spermicidal activity. Using herbal eye drops containing T. bellirica, encouraging results have been obtained in cases of myopia, corneal opacity, pterygium, immature cataract, chronic and acute infective conditions. | |||||
| Last renewal date | 2023/12/27 | |||||
