Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market nameDhaturo
Formal nameKrsnadhattura
Other names   

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Dhatura (B), Dhatura (H), Ummatta (M), Dhaturo, Seto dhaturo (N)
English nameJimson Weed, Stink Weed, Mad Apple, Thorn Apple, Stramonium
Original plant nameDatura stramonium L. (= Datura tatula Linn.), Jimson Weed, Stink Weed, Mad Apple, Thorn Apple, Stramonium
Family nameSolanaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification fruit
Collection informationKingdom of Nepal, Jumla
Collection date1998/10/5
CollectorTsuneo Namba
TMPW No.22850

Scientific information data base

Crude drug nameAyurvedic name or
Sanskrit name, English name
Krsnadhattura, Jimson Weed, Stink Weed, Mad Apple, Thorn Apple, Stramonium
SynonymsDevika, Dhurta, Dhurtakrt, Dhustura, Dutturapatra, Gantapuspa, Ghantika, Haravallabha, Kahalapuspa, Kalama, Kanaka, Kantaphala, Khala, Karadusana, Karhughna, Kitava, Krsnadhattura, Madakara, Madana, Madanaka, Mahamohi, Mahasatha, Matta, Matula, Matulaka, Mohana, Rajadhattura, Savisa, Saiva, Satha, Sivapriya, Sivasekhara, Syama, Turi, Unmatta, Unmattaka.
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Original plant nameDatura stramonium Linn. (= Datura tatula Linn.)
Family nameSolanaceae
Used partSeeds
Distribution areaThe plant is distributed on the hills throughout India upto an altitude of 8,000 ft. and is common in north-western Himalayas.
RemarksCommon.
Common usesDatura consists of dried leaves and flowering tops of D. stramonium. It has a characteristic disagreeable odour and a bitter unpleasant taste. Datura is similar to belladonna in the symptoms produced by it, and in its general physiological and therapeutic action. It is a narcotic, antispasmodic and anodyne, and is used chiefly to relieve the spasm of the bronchioles in asthma.

Leaves may be made into cigarettes or smoked in a pipe, with or without tobacco, to relieve asthma. They are also used in the treatment of parkinsonism. Leaves are applied to boils, sores and fish bites and the juice of the flowers is used for earache.

Datura is administered in pills, tablets, tinctures and extracts. Datura ointment, containing lanolin, yellow wax and petrolatum, is employed in the treatment of haemorrhoids/hemorrhoids.

The juice expressed from the fruits is applied to the scalp for curing dandruff and falling hair.
Chemical constituentFlavones & Flavonols
3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentahydroxyflavone (*C2, *C3), 5,7,3’,4’-Tetrahydroxyflavone 3-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (*C2), 3,5,3’,4’-Tetrahydroxyflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (*C2), 5,7-Dihydroxyflavone (*C3), 3,5,7,4’-Tetrahydroxyflavone (*C3)

Phenol derivatives
2,6-Dichlorophenol (*C4)

Tropane alkaloids
3-(3’-acetoxytropoyloxy)Tropane (*C1), 3-(2-hydroxytropoyloxy)Tropane (*C1),

Pharmacological effectIt annuls the action of acetyl choline and thus produces the effects of paralysis on the peripheral ends of the vagi in the bronchioles so that the latter relax. It is used in doses of 0.15g., 3 times a day, increased to 1g. Daily to control salivation and muscular spasms and tremor which follow encephalitis lethargica.
Medical systemAyurveda (Traditional Indian medicine)
Related drugsLeaves of Datura innoxia and D. metel are used as substitutes for D. stramonium and those of Xanthium strumarium L., Carthamus helenioides Desf. and Chenopodium hybridum L. are used as adulterants.
CommentsIt is said to be one of the varieties of Dhattura described in Rajanighantu. It is considered to be Rajadhattura in Nighantu adarsa.
ReferencesReference book 

Tips!

Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi
p 220.

Plants in Ayurveda (A Compendium of Botanical and Sanskrit Names), 1997. Abdul Kareem, M., Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore
52.

Dravyagunavijnana, Vols. 1-5, reprint 1998. Sharma, P.V., Chowkhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi
Vol. 2, p 501.

Research paper*C1 Philipov, S. and Berkov. S., Zeitschriff fuer Naturforschung, C: J. Bio. Sci., 57, 559-61 (2002).
*C2 Pate, D. W. and Averett, J.; Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 14, 647-49 (1986).
*C3 Lakshmi, S. and Krishnamoorthy, T. V., Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 53, 94-95 (1991).
*C4 Seetharam, Y. N., Murthy, N. S. and Vijay; Asian J. Chem., 13, 768-70 (2001).
RemarksSeeds have large amount (16-17%) of fixed oil, and have been employed for suicidal and homicidal purposes.

These names are applied to Datura irrespective of the species. The equivalents for 'white' or 'black' in different vernaculars are usually prefixed to distinguish plants bearing white flowers from those bearing tinted flowers. The flower color is not a characteristic of the species and plants of the same species may bear white, purplish or violet flowers.
Last renewal date2022/06/20