Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market name釣藤鈎
Formal name釣藤鈎
Japanese nameちょうとうこう, Chōtōkō
Vernacular nameGoutenggou
Latin nameUncariae Uncis cum Ramulus (JP), Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis (CP)
English nameUncaria Hook (JP), Gambir Plant (CP)
Original plant nameUncaria sinensis (Oliv.) Havil.1 または Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Jacks.2, Tōkagikazura1 or Kagikazura2
Family nameRubiaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification thorn
Collection informationJapan, Osaka Pref., Mikuni Shoten
Collection date1969/12/06
TMPW No.2635

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
Production area information
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
34.6937378
135.50216509999996
Collection information
Japan,Osaka Pref.
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Scientific information data base

Common name釣藤鈎, Goutenggou, Uncariae Uncis cum Ramulus (JP18), Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis (CP2020), Uncaria Hook (JP18), Gambir Plant (CP2020)
Synonyms釣藤 Gouteng
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Original plant nameUncaria rhynchophylla Miquel1, Uncaria sinensis Haviland2, Uncaria macrophylla Wallich, (Kagikazura1, Tōkagikazura2)
original plant image
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Family nameRubiaceae
Used parthook-bearing stem branch
Quality for selectionThe best Goutenggou consists of hooks only. Generally, the vine of good Goutenggou is thin and has many soft hooks with a tinge of purple. (TN)
Official compendiumJP XVIII, CP (2020 ed.)
Clinical applicationAs an antispasmodic and painkiller, Goutenggou is applied for headache and dizziness due to fever or hypertension, sclerosis of cerebral arteries, convulsion, spasm of child, epilepsy, coma with high fever, malaria and rheumatism.
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine		Traditional
classification		Anticonvulsives
Beneficial effectT[Property and Flavor] Cool; sweet.
[Meridian Tropism] Liver and pericardium meridians.
[Actions] To extinguish wind to settle convulsion, clear heat and pacify the liver.
[Indications] Internal stirring of liver wind, fright epilepsy and convulsions, high fever with fright syncope, common cold with fright, infantile terrified crying, pregnant epilepsy, headache, dizziness and hypertension.
Chemical constituentIndole alkaloids
U. rhynchophylla (*C1):
Rhynchophylline, Corynoxeine, Isorhynchophylline, Isocorynoxeine, Hirsutine, 18,19-Dehydrohirsutine (=Hirsutein), Dihydrocorynantheine, Corynantheine
U. sinensis (*C2, C3):
Geissoschizine methylether, Hirsuteine, Hirsutine, Rhynchophylline, Corynoxeine, Isorhynchophylline, Isocorynoxeine
U. kawakamii (*C1):
Uncarine A, Uncarine B, Mitraphylline

Chemical structure




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Pharmacological effectRespiration (low dose: excitation; high dose: inhibition), antispasm, antivirus, vasodilation, alpha-adrenergic blocker, antiarrhythmia, calcium antagonism, inhibition of central serotonin receptor, sedation. Increase in sleep (geissoschizine methylether), decrease in blood pressure (hirsutine, isorhynchophylline)(C2, C4).
DNA sequenceTraditioal Medical & Parmaceutical Database.
Classical reference
(Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao")		※Click this image to see the actual image
DiseaseHigh fever, Convulsion, Headache, Vertigo, Stagger, Hypertension, Cerebral arteriosclerosis, Red eye, Convulsion, Tantrum
FormulationShichimotsukokato, Chotosan, Yokukansan, Yokukansankachinpihangeto, Yokukansankachinpihangeto, Reiyoukakuin
Related drugsCAT'S CLAW, the hook of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC.
ReferencesJP18: The 18th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
CP2020: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020 edi.
B1) The Journal of Japanese Botany, 74, 42 (1999).
C1) The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. II, pp 186-187.
C2) Nat. Med., 51, 79 (1997).
C3) Nat. Med., 52, 353 (1998).
C4) Nat. Med., 53, 308 (1999).
P1) J. Trad. Med., 15, 241 (1998).
P2) Am. J. Chin. Med., 29, 173 (2001).
P3) J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 51, 715（1999).
P4) J. Trad. Med., 19, 28 (2002).
Cl1) J. Trad. Med., 11, 246 (1994).
Cl2) Phytomed., 4, 15 (1997).
RemarksIn Taiwan, Uncaria kawakamii Hayata (Jap. name: Taiwankagikazura) is also used. The Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China defines the hook-bearing branch of U. hirsuta Havil. and U. sessilifructus Roxb. as Goutenggou as well as three species listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. U. rhynchophylla and U. sinensis are mainly distributed in the Japanese market. Reportedly, Goutenggou originated from U. rhynchopylla, produced in Jiangxi and other provinces, contains only oxiindole alkaloids (rhynchophylline, corynoxeine, isorhynchophylline, and isocorynoxeine). Meanwhile, Goutenggou originated from U. sinensis contains mainly indole alkaloids. Additionally, the latter consists of two types depending on its production area. One contains a low amount of oxiindole alkaloids (the type of Guizhou Prov.), the other contains a relatively high amount (the type of Guangxi Prov. Autonomous Region) (C3). Recent results of double blind clinical trials found that Chotosan, which contains Goutenggou, is effective in treating moderate and severe cerebrovascular dementia (C1, C2). Further research in Chotosan is expected.
Last renewal date2021/09/27
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