Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market nameチンピ [NIB-459]
Formal name陳皮
Japanese nameちんぴ, Chimpi
Vernacular nameChenpi
Latin nameCitri Unshiu Pericarpium (JP), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CP)
English nameCitrus Unshiu Peel (JP), Dried Tangerine Peel (CP)
Original plant nameCitrus sp.
Family nameRutaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification pericarp of mature fruit
Production area informationPeople's Republic of China, Shaanxi Prov.
Collection informationJapan, Ibaraki Pref., National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
Collection date2012/5/30
CollectorKatsuko Komatsu
Remarks[NIB-459]
TMPW No.29267

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
34.341574
108.93976999999995
Production area information
People's Republic of China,Shaanxi Prov.
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
36.3418112
140.4467935
Collection information
Japan,Ibaraki Pref.
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_nyu.png

Scientific information data base

Common name陳皮 （中国産/CN production）, Chenpi, Citri Reticulate Pericarpium (CP2020), Dried Tangerine Peel (CP2020)
Synonyms青皮, 化州橘皮, 橘皮
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Original plant nameCitrus unshiu Marcowicz1, Citrus reticulata Blanco2, Citrus grandis Osbeck3, Citrus sinensis Osbeck4, (Unshūmikan1, Ponkan-type2 Buntan3, Amadaidai4)
original plant image
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Family nameRutaceae
Used partmature fruit peel
Quality for selectionThe older the better. The older Chenpi has a milder aroma than the fresh one. It is a kind of liuchen. (TN)
Official compendiumJP XVIII, CP (2020 ed.)
Clinical applicationAs aromatic and bitter stomachic, carminative, expectorant and antitussive, Chenpi is applied for anorexia, vomiting, catharsis, pain and cough. It enters the qi system of lung and spleen, and is applied to upper and middle energizer..
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine		Traditional
classification		Carminatives for regulating flow of Qi
Beneficial effect[Property and Flavor] Warm; bitter and pungent.
[Meridian Tropism] Lung and spleen meridians.
[Actions] To regulate qi, fortify the spleen, dry dampness and resolve phlegm.
[Indications] Distention and fullness in the epigastrium and abdomen, reduced food intake with vomiting and diarrhea, cough and profuse sputum.
Chemical constituentOther aliphatic and related compounds
C. unshiu (*C1):
クエン酸(citric acid)

Monosaccharides
C. unshiu (*C1):
Vitamin C

Monoterpenoids
C. tangerina (*C1):
alpha-Pinene, beta-Pinene, Limonene, beta-Phellandrene, p-Cymene, alpha-Terpinene, Linalool, Linalyl acetate
C. unshiu (*C1):
Limonene, alpha-Terpinene, alpha-Pinene, beta-Pinene, Linalool, alpha-Thujene, alpha-Terpineol, Myrcene, 1,8-Menthadien-10-ol acetate

Sesquiterpenoids
C. unshiu (*C1):
delta-Elemene, alpha-Copaene, beta-Sesquiphellandrene, alpha-Elemol, alpha-Farnesene, beta-Elemene, delta-Cadinene, alpha-Cubebene

Flavones & Flavonols
C. unshiu (*C2,C3,C4,C5):
Isosinensetin, Sinensetin, 5,7,8,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone, Nobiletin, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, 3-Hydroxy-5,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone, Tangeretin, (5-Demethylnobiletin)
C. reticulata (*C2,C4,C5):
Isosinensetin, Sinensetin, 5,7,8,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone, Nobiletin, Tangeretin, 5-Hydroxy-7,8,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone, 5-Demethylnobiletin,
(Tetra-O-methylscutellarein, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, 3-Hydroxy-5,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone)
C. sinensis (*C2,C5):
Isosinensetin, Sinensetin, 5,7,8,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone, Nobiletin, tetra-O-Methylscutellarein, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, Tangeretin, 5-Demethylnobiletin, (3-Hydroxy-5,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone)
C. grandis (*C2,C5):
Tangeretin, Rhoifolin
C. tangerina (*C5):
Isosinensetin, Sinensetin, 5,7,8,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone, Nobiletin, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, 3-Hydroxy-5,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone, Tangeretin, 5-Demethylnobiletin, (Tetra-O-methylscutellarein, 5-Hydroxy-7,8,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone)
C. erythrosa (*C5):
Isosinensetin, Sinensetin, 5,7,8,4'-Tetramethoxyflavone, Nobiletin, Tangeretin, 5-Demethylnobiletin, Rhoifolin, (Tetra-O-methylscutellarein, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, 3-Hydroxy-5,6,7,8,3',4'-hexamethoxyflavone, 5-Hydroxy-7,8,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone)

Flavanones & Dihydroflavonols
C. tangerina (*C1,C5):
Hesperidin, Narirutin, (Poncirin, Naringenin)
C. unshiu (*C1,C2,C4,C5):
Hesperidin, Naringenin, Hesperetin, Narirutin, (Naringin)
C. reticulata (*C2,C4,C5):
Hesperetin, Narirutin, Hesperidin
C. sinensis (*C2,C5):
Poncirin, Naringenin, Hesperetin,　Narirutin, Hesperidin
C. grandis (*C2,C5):
Naringenin, Naringin, Hesperetin
C. erythrosa (*C5):
Poncirin, Narirutin, Hesperidin

Coumarins
C. grandis (*C2,C5):
Meranzin hydrate, Marmin, Isomeranzin, 5-[(6,7-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-2-octenyl) oxy]-psoralen, Isoimperatorin, Meranzin
C. reticulata (*C4,C5):
(Oxypeucedanin, Isoimperatorin)
C. tangerina (*C5):
(Limettin, Isomeranzin)
C. erythrosa (*C5):
(Isomeranzin)

Alkaloids
Citrus spp. (*C6):
Synephrine

Chemical structure






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Pharmacological effectSedative, inhibition of central nervous system, ileum extirpation, contraction of uterus and peripheral blood vessel, mucosal and local stimulation, increase in inner pressure of gallbladder and hypertonia of Sphincter of Oddi, increase in bile secretion, acceleration of intestinal movement, decrease in the level of cholesterol in liver and serum (d-limonene). antiulcer （nobiletin）．Sympathomimetic action （synephrine）．Antiinflammatory （naringin，neohesperidin，nobiletin，tangeretin，sinensetin，xanthotoxin），antiallergic（nobiletin，tangeretin，3-methoxynobiletin，sinensetin），inhibition of c-AMP phosphodiesterase （nobiletin，tangeretin，3-demethylnobiletin）．Strengthening of capillary（hesperidin）, and antioxidant（3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid）．
DNA sequenceAF312228; Traditioal Medical & Parmaceutical Database.
Classical reference
(Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao")		※Click this image to see the actual image
DiseaseFull stomach, Vomitting, Diarrhea, Anorexia, Feeling of pressure in the chest, Cough, A lot of sputum
FormulationAnzanto, Ioto, Ikosan, Ireito, Untanto, Orenshodokuin, Kagen'ireito, Kagenshahakusan, Kagenshosaikoto, Kakkoshokisan, Kamiuntanto, Kamihassento, Kyukichoketsuin, Kumihangeto, Kumibinroto, Keihito, Kokikososan, Koshaheiisan, Kosharikkunshito, Kososan, Kochinmuyusan, Goshakusan, Saikokobokuto, Saishakurikkunshito, Jiinkokato, Jiinshihoto, Shisoshito, Shisowakiin, Jippito, Junkiwachuto, Shunrinshakusekishito, Shokitenkoto, Shohito, Shoyosankato, Jokinritsuansan, Jin'en'ippo, Jingyobofuto, Jinsoin, Shimpito, Seishitsuketanto, Seishoekkito, Seisoyoeito, Seineitsugeutsuto, Seihaito, Zenshikunshito, Sogento, Sokeikakketsuto, Soshikokito, Chikujountanto, Chokoshiteito, Chokobukuryoto, Chotosan, Tsudosan, Tokiyoketsuto, Dotaitsukeito, Nijutsuto, Nichinto, Ninjin-yoei-to, Hachimitaikaho, Hangekobokushichimotsuto, Hangebyakujutsutemmato, Fukankinshokisanryo, Bukuryoin, Bukuryhoshinto, Bunshoto, Bunshinkiin, Heiisan, Hointo, Hokikenchuto, Hochuekkito, Hochujishitsuto, Mibakuekkito, Mokutsusan, Yokukansankachinpihangeto, Yokukansankachinpihangeto, Rikkunshito, Rokuutsuto, Koshayoito
Related drugsChinpi (Citrus Unshiu Peel produced in Japan), Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel), Chengpi (Bitter Orange Peel), Zhiqiao (Orange Fruitproduced in China), Zhishi (Immature Orange Fruit)
ReferencesJP18: The 18th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
CP2020: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020 edi.
C1)The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. I, pp 257-260.
C2)Nat.Med.,51,231(1997).
C3)Nat.Med.,51,84(1997).
C4)Nat.Med.,50,114(1996).
C5)Nat.Med.,51,205(1997).
C6)Shoyakugaku Zasshi,46,150(1992).
Remarks80-90% of essential oil is limonene. It is more abundant in ripe fruit peel (Chenpi) than peel of immature fruit (Qingpi). Though the older Chenpi is more appreciated, the components of its essential oil will have changed. Aging increases the relative content of limonene.
Last renewal date2021/09/27
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