Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Sugandha bala |
|---|---|---|
| Formal name | Tagara | |
Other names Tips！ | Sugandhabala, Muskabala (T), Tagaramool, Muskabala (B), Sugandhabala, Tagar (H), Mandibattal, Tagara (K), Takaram (M), Tagara (Te), Takaram (Ta), rGya-spos (Ti), Nakpo (N) | |
| English name | Indian Valerian | |
| Original plant name | Valeriana jatamamsi Jones (= Valeriana wallichii DC.), Indian Valerian | |
| Family name | Valerianaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | root + rhizome |
| Collection information | India, New Delhi , Hans Raj & Sons | |
| Collection date | 1991/05/07 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba, et al. | |
| TMPW No. | 11988 | |
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location of its administrative area is indicated.
location of its administrative area is indicated.
Production area information
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Collection information
India,New Delhi
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Ayurvedic name or Sanskrit name, English name | Tagara, Indian Valerian | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Synonyms | Natam, Kutilam, Vakram, Dinam, Satam, Jihmam, Kalanusaryam, Anrtam, Nrpasamjnam, Kuncitam, Kalakhyam, Nahusam, Vinamram, Nahusakhyam, Dadruhastam, Barhanam, Pinditagarakam, Parthivam, Rajaharsanam, Ksatram, Munindudha, Barhistam, Nrpam | |||||
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| Original plant name | Valeriana jatamamsi Jones (= Valeriana wallichii DC.) | |||||
| Family name | Valerianaceae | |||||
| Used part | Rhizome | |||||
| Distribution area | Alpine Himalayas, at altitudes of 3000-4500m, extending eastwards from Kumaon to Sikkim, 5500m, and Bhutan, and Khasi & Jaintia hills between 1500 and 1800m, cultivated in Dalhousie and Himachal Pradesh. | |||||
| Remarks | Abundant. | |||||
| Common uses | Roots and rhizomes are used in drug formulations prescribed in nervous excitability, insomnia, gastro-intestinal spasms, epilepsy, hysteria, hypochondriasis, nervous unrest and emotional troubles, neurosis and rheumatism. It is also used as a carminative and forms an ingredient of a number of Ayurvedic recipes. Powdered drug mixed with sugar is used in urinary troubles. A decoction of the drug is reported to be given in Nepal to mothers after parturition, probably as a sedative. Oil from the roots is used as a tonic and stimulant in certain medicinal preparations. | |||||
| Therapeutic uses | Visa (poison), Apasmara (epilepsy), Sula (colic), Aksiroga (eye diseases), Bhutonmada (mental disorders), Siroroga (head diseases) | |||||
| Chemical constituent | - On steam distillation rhizomes and roots yield an essential oil: fresh, cultivated types yield oil up to 1.8% and wild, dried rhizomes yield 0.5-0.7%. - The root-oil contains: ar-curcumene, alpha-beta and gamma patchoulenes, Calarene, beta-bergamotene, alpha-fenchene, patchouli alcohol (substantial amount), Maaliol, beta-sitosterol, Valeranone, Maali-oxide, Isovaleric and beta-methylvaleric acids (chief constituents), formic, propionic, butyric, palmitic and stearic acids, and Iso-valeryl ester. - The rhizomes contain a napthoic acid derivative, 4 methoxy-8-pentyl-1-napthoic acid (mp 63 degree); heptadecanyl eicosanoate, methyl eicosanoate, beta-sitosterol and its beta-D-glucopyranoside. | |||||
| Pharmacological effect | The monoterpene esters, valtrate and didrovaltrate (Valepotriates) show cytotoxic activity against HTC hepatoma cell in culture and inhibit the DNA and protein synthesis in tumour cells. Valtrate is about as twice toxic as Didrovaltrate on cultured HTC cells. Valepotriates also possess anti-tumour activity against the ascites tumour krebs II in mice in vivo. | |||||
| Medical system | Ayurveda (Traditional Indian medicine) | |||||
| Traditional concept | Rasa (Taste) | Katu (Pungent), Madhura (Sweet) | ||||
| Virya (Potency) | Usna (Hot) | |||||
| Guna (Quality) | Snigdha (Unctuous), Laghu (Light) | |||||
| Vipaka (Post digestive taste) | Katu (Pungent) | |||||
| Dosakarma (Action on dosa) | Decreases Kapha Vata | |||||
| Dhatukarma(Action on body tissues) | Rakta (blood) | |||||
| Avayava (Action on organ) | Aksi (eye) | |||||
| Formulation | Sudarsana Curna, Pippalyasava, Dasanga Lepa, Dhanvantara taila, Mahanarayana taila. | |||||
| Related drugs | 1. Other species of Valeriana (Valerianaceae) 2. Coleus vettiveroides K.C. Jacob (Lamiaceae) used in south India. | |||||
| Comments | Another variety is Pindatagaram also called as Dantahasti, Barhinam according to Bhavaprakasa. According to Kaiyyadeva nighantu, this is also called as Dangamatanga, Kuncitam, Mahoragam, Katukam. This is less in quality compared to Tagara. Roots of Limnanthemum cristatum are used as Tagaram in Kerala. Pindatagara is correlated to Valeriana hardwickii. It is included in the Sitaprasamana, Tiktaskandha of Caraka and Eladi gana of Susruta. | |||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | [2] Indian Medicinal Plants - A Compendium of 500 species, Varier, P.S., Orient Longman Ltd. Chennai (Madras) Vol. 5 (Repr.1997), pp 345-348. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, 1956. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi. - New Edition (1996) National Institute Science Communication; Supplement p 252. Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi pp 106, 107. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I, Vol I, Ed. I, 1989. Govt. of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Dept. of Health, New Delhi pp 109, 110. Plants in Ayurveda (A Compendium of Botanical and Sanskrit Names), 1997. Abdul Kareem, M., Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore 1676. Dravyagunavijnana, Vols. 1-5, reprint 1998. Sharma, P.V., Chowkhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Vol. 2, pp 64-66. | ||||
| Remarks | Valeriana jatamansi, the Indian Valerian, closely resembles the Valerian from V. officinalis in its properties and is used for similar purposes. | |||||
| Last renewal date | 2022/07/08 | |||||
