Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market namePokarmul
Formal namePuskaramulam
Other names　　　

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Pushkaramool, Brahamkuth (T), Pushkaramool (B), Pokarmool (H), Rasnabheda (K), Pushkaramulam (M), Pushkaramu (Te), Pushkaramulam (Ta), Ma bu (Ti), Puskar mul (N), Poshkar (Kashmir)
Original plant nameInula racemosa Hook. f.
Family nameCompositae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification root
Production area informationIndia
Collection informationIndia, Dibrugarh, Assam, Shree Vishwanath Marwari Databye Aushadhalaya
Collection date1997/05/05
CollectorKatsuko Komatsu, et al.
TMPW No.17347

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
Production area information
India
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27.4728327
94.91196209999998
Collection information
India,Dibrugarh, Assam
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Scientific information data base

Crude drug nameAyurvedic name or
Sanskrit name, English name		Puskaramulam
SynonymsPauskaram, Puskarajata, Kasmiram, Puskarahvayam, Padmavarnam, Padmapatram, Kusthabhedam, Dhiram, Pusparagam, Vrksaruham, Sulaharam, Padmapunyam, Sagaram, Suram, Vairi, Vrksasaham.
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Original plant nameInula racemosa Hook. f.
Family nameCompositae
Used partRoot
Distribution areaFound in North-western Himalayas at 1500-4200m altitude.
RemarksCultivated.
Common usesRoot is considered useful in cardiac asthma, cough, pulmonary affections and skin diseases. Oil from root has been used as anthelmintic for children.
Therapeutic usesSopha (oedema), Aruci (lack of taste), Svasa (respiratory disorders), Parsvasula (pain on lateral side of trunk), Jvara (fever), Kasa (cough), Adhmana (abdominal distension), hikka (hiccough)
Chemical constituentSesquiterpenoids
Isoalantolactone (*C1, *C2, *C3, *C5, *C8, *C12, *C15), Alantolactone (*C4, *C5), Alantolide I (*C6), Alantolide II (*C6), 4(15)-alpha-eposyisotelekin (*C6), Alantodiene (*C7), Isolantodiene (*C7), Isoinunal 1 (*C8), Alantolactone (*C8, *C12), Inulal (*C8, *C9), Telekin (*C8), Isoalloalantolactone (*C9), Alloalantolactone (*C10), Inunolide (*C13, *C14), Dihydroinunolide (*C13), Neoinunolide (*C13)

Triterpenoids
(-)Dammara-20,24-dien-3beta-yl (*C11)

Sterols
Beta-Sitosterol (*C3, *C12, *C15),

Steroid saponins & Sapogenins
Daucosterol (*C3, *C15), Beta-sitosterol-beta-D-glucoside (*C12)

Pharmacological effectAlantolactone possesses strong anthelmintic properties and is more potent and less toxic than santonin. Alantolactone in 1:1000 dilution kills ascaris in 16 hours. While santonin in the same dilution requires more than 2 days.
Medical systemAyurveda (Traditional Indian medicine)
Traditional conceptRasa (Taste)Katu (Pungent), Tikta (Bitter)
Virya (Potency)Usna (Hot)
Guna (Quality)Laghu (Light), Tiksna (Sharp)
Vipaka
(Post digestive taste)		Katu (Pungent)
Dosakarma
(Action on dosa)		Increases Vata Kapha
Traditional usage1. Puskaramula (Inula racemose) is the specific remedy for hiccough, asthma, cough and chest pain.

2. Power of Puskaramula should be taken with honey. It alleviates cardiac pain, dyspnoea/dyspnea, cough, wasting and hiccough.

3. Decoction of Dasamula* (a group of ten roots) added with the powder of Puskaramula checks and asthma and alleviates pain in chest and heart.

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Dasamula* is a formulation consisting of the ten roots of ten medicinal plants categorized as Brhatpancamula and Laghupancamula. It is generally useful in Tridosa and particularly in Vata. It alleviates fever, oedema, vatika disorders and debility.

- Brhatpancamula contains five roots of trees i.e., Bilva, Agnimantha, Syonaka, Patala, and Gambhari.
It pacifies Vata Dosa and Kapha Dosa. It improves appetite and digestion. It is used for the treatment of the diseases related to the digestive and musculoskeletal systems.

- Laghupancamula contains five roots of shrubs (small plants) i.e., Brhati, Kantakari, Shalparni , Prisniparni, and Goksura.
It pacifies Vata and Pitta Dosa, and provides nourishment and strength to the body. It is mainly used to treat diseases related to muscles, bones, joints, nerves and kidneys.
FormulationPuskaramuladi curna, Puskaradi curna, Srngyadi curna, Devadaradi kvatha, Sudarsana curna and Punarnava mandur.
Related drugs1. Saussurea lappa C.B.Clarke (Asteraceae/Compositae)
2. Inua royleana DC.
CommentsThis is included in Svasahara and Hikkanigrahana gana of Caraka.
ReferencesResearch paper*C1 Liu, C. H., Mishra, A. K., He, B. and Tan, R. X.; Chinese Science Bulletin, 46, 498-501 (2001).
*C2 Mishra, A.K., Liu, C. H., He, B. and Tan, R. X.; International Pest Control, 42, 131-33 (2000).
*C3 Tan, R. X., Tang, H. Q., Hu, J. and Suhai, B.; Phytochemistry, 49, 157-61 (1998).
*C4 Kumar, S. R., and Mishra, S. H.; Indian Drugs, 34, 571-75 (1997).
*C5 Dhillon, R. S., Nayyar, K., Singh, S. and Dhaliwal, Z. S.; Indian J. Chem,Sect. B, 33B, 1038-42 (1994).
*C6 Goyal, R., Chhabra, B. R. and Kalsi, P. S.; Phytochemistry, 29, 2341-43 (1990).
*C7 Kalsi, P. S., Goyal, R., Talwar, K. K. and Chhabra, B. R.; Phytochemistry, 28, 2093-96 (1989).
*C8 Kalsi, P. S., Goyal, R., Talwar, K. K. and Chhabra, B. R.; Phytochemistry, 27, 2079-81 (1988).
*C9 Kaur, B. and Kalsi, P. S.; Phytochemistry, 24, 2007-10 (1985).
*C10 Bhandari, P. and Rastogi, R. P.; Indian J. Chem. Sect. B; 22B, 286-87 (1983).
*C11 Paknikar, S. K., Naik, U. S. and Raghavan, R.; Indian J. Chem. Sect. B; 21B, 894 (1982).
*C12 Tripathi, V. D., Agarwal, S. K., Srivastava, O. P. and Rastogi, R. P.; Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 40, 129-31 (1978).
*C13 Ravindranath, K. R.; Raghavan, R.; Paknikar, S. K., Trivedi, G. K. and Bhattacharyya, S. C.; Indian J. Chem. Sect. B; 16B, 27-31 (1978).
*C14 Raghavan, R., Ravindranath, K. R., Trivedi, G. K., Paknikar, S. K. and Bhattacharyya, S. C.; Indian J. Chem., 7, 310 (1969).
*C15 Tan, R. X., Tang, H. Q., Hu, J. and Shuai, B.; Phytochemistry, 49, 157-61 (1998).
RemarksRoots of Inula racemosa are used as adulterant to Kuth (Saussurea lappa C.B.Clarke). The market sample is found mixed with Inula royleana and Saussurea lappa.

According to some (Sivarajan and I. Balachandran, 393) there is a lot of confusion about the drug Puskaramula. They also include Psilanthes travancorensis (Wt. & Arn.) Leroy (Rubiaceae) and Iris germanica L. (Iridaceae) as the other botanical sources of the drug.
Last renewal date2023/12/26
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