Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market nameRupkeshar
Formal nameNagakesara
Other names　　　

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Pila naagkesara, Swarna naagkesara (T), Nagkesara, Nagesar (B), Nagkesara, Nagesar (H), Nagakesara, Nagasampige (K), Nanga, Peri (M), Nagkesara, Desaramu, Nagachampakamu (Te), Nangu, Nangal, Irul (Ta), Naagahesara (Ti), Nagkeshar, Nagewori, Ruk kesar (N), Na, Nagaha (Sin)
English nameIron Wood Tree
Original plant nameMesua nagassarium (Burm. f.) Kosterm. (= Mesua ferrea Auct. non Linn.), Iron Wood Tree
Family nameClusiaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification stamen
Collection informationKingdom of Nepal, Kathmandu, Shakya Vaidya Pasal
Collection date1983/07/31
CollectorTsuneo Namba, et al.
TMPW No.5956

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
Production area information
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27.7172453
85.3239605
Collection information
Kingdom of Nepal,Kathmandu
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Scientific information data base

Crude drug nameAyurvedic name or
Sanskrit name, English name		Nagakesara (Flowers), Iron Wood Tree
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Original plant nameMesua nagassarium (Burm. f.) Kosterm. (= Mesua ferrea Auct. non Linn.)
Family nameClusiaceae
Used partStamens
Distribution areaOccurs in India, Ceylon, Burma and Andaman Islands. It is common in Ceylon in the moist low country forests.
RemarksCommon
Common usesFlowers are astringent, anodyne, sudorific, digestive, carminative, constipating, anthelmintic, diuretic, stomachic, haemostatic/hemostatic, aphrodisiac, febrifuge and cardiotonic. Flowers are used for cough with expectoration, bleeding piles, acute bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, hiccough, halitosis, dysentery, ulcers, burning sensation, cephalalgia, fever and cardiac debility.
Known under the name Otto of nagkesar, the oil is used for perfuming soaps, particularly in conjunction with sandalwood oil.
Chemical constituentFatty acids
Hexadecanoic acid (*C2), 9-Hexadecenoic acid (*C2), Palmitic acid (*C5), Palmitoleic acid (*C5), Stearic acid (*C5), Oleic acid (*C5), Linoleic acid (*C5), Linolenic acid (*C5)

Other aliphatic and related compounds
Phytol (*C2), 3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-2-butanone (*C2), Mesuaferrol (*C7)

Sesquiterpenoids
Delta-Cadinene (*C2), Germacrene D (*C2)

Triterpenoids
Urs-12-en-28-ol (*C2), beta-Amyrin (*C7)

Sterols
Stigmasterol (*C2), 3-Acetyloxy-lanost-24-ene-7,11-dione (*C2), beta-Sitosterol (*C7)

Xanthones
Mesuferrol A (*C3), Mesuferrol b (*C3), 1,7-Dihydroxyxanthone (*C3), 5-Hydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone (*C3), 1,6-Dihydroxyxanthone (*C4), Mesuabixanthone-A (*C4), Mesuabixanthone-B (*C4), Ferrxanthone (*C10), 2-Hydroxyxanthone (*C12), 2-Methoxyxanthone (*C12), 1,5-Dihydroxyxanthone (*C12, *C16), 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone (*C12), 1-Hydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone (*C12), 1-Hydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone (*C12), 3-Hydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone (*C12), Mesuaxanthone B (*C12, *C18), Euxanthone 7-methyl ether (*C16), Mesuaxanthone A (*C18),

Flavonoids
(-)-Epicatechin (*C3, *C4)

Flavanones & Dihydroflavonols
Mesuein (*C9)

Biflavonoids
Mesuaferrone-A (*C11)

Coumarins
Mesuol (*C1, *C6, *C19), Mammea A/AA (*C1, *C13), Mammeisin (*C1), Isomammeisin (*C1), Mammea A/BA (*C1), Mammea A/AD cycloF(*C1), Mammea A/AB cycloF (*C1), Mammea A/AA cycloF (*C1), Mesuagin (*C1), Mammea A/AB cycloD (*C1), Mammea A/AA cycloD (*C1), Assamene (*C1), Surangin C (*C1), 5,7-Dihydroxy-6-(3-methybutanoyl)-8-[(E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-4-phenyl-2H-chroman-2-one (*C1), 5,7-Dihydroxy-6-(2-methybutanoyl)-8-[(E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl]-4-phenyl-2H-chroman-2-one (*C1), 5-Hydroxy-8-methyl-6-(2-methylbutanoyl)-8-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)-4-phenyl-2H-pyrano [2,3-h]chromen-2-one (*C1), 5-Hydroxy-6-isobutyryl-8-methyl-8-(4-methylpent-3-enyl)-4-phenyl-2H-pyrano [2,3-h]chromen-2-one (*C1), Mesuarin (*C8), Mesuagin (*C13, *C15), Mammeigin (*C13), Mammeisin (*C14), Mammea B/BB (*C17), (+)-Mammea C/BB (*C17)Ferruol (*C17)

Other aromatic derivatives
Dioctyl phthalate (*C2)

Pharmacological effectA compound preparation containing the flowers of the plant showed anti implantation activity in experimental animals. Volatile oil from the flowers showed antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic activities.
Medical systemAyurveda (Traditional Indian medicine)
CommentsNagakesara is correlted to Mammea suriga (Ham.) Kosterm by some authors.
ReferencesReference book　

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[2] Indian Medicinal Plants - A Compendium of 500 species, Varier, P.S., Orient Longman Ltd. Chennai (Madras)
Vol. 2 (Repr.1997), p 27.

Medicinal plants (Indigenous and exotic) used in Ceylon, Vols. 1-5, 1982. Jayaweera, D.M.A., The National Science Council of Sri Lanka, Colombo
Vol. 3, p 73.

Research paper*C1 Verotta, L.; Lovaglio, E.; Vidari, G.; Finzi, P. V.; Neri, M. G.; Raimondi, A.; Parapini, S.; Taramelli, D.; Riva, A. and Bombardelli, E., Phytochemistry, 65, 2867-2879 (2004).
*C2 Nordin, K.; Ahmad, F. B. H.; Taufiq-Ysp, Y. H.; and Ali, A. M., Oriental J. Chem., 20, 69-72 (2004).
*C3 Iinuma, M.; Tosa, H.; Tanaka, T. and Riswan, S., Heterocycles, 43, 1999-2004 (1996).
*C4 Singh, S.; Gray, A. I. Waterman, P. G., Nat. Prod. Lett., 3, 53-58 (1993).
*C5 Hossain, M. A.; Mustafa, A. I.; Alam, M. and Hasan, A. B. M., Dhaka University Studies, Part B: Science 40, 123-128 (1992).
*C6 De, A., J. Crystallographic and Spectroscopic Research, 21, 97-103 (1991).
*C7 Dennis, T. J.; Kumar, K. A. and Srimannanarayna, G., Phytochemistry, 27, 2325-2327 (1988).
*C8 Bhattacharyya, P.; Chakrsbartty, P. and Chowdhury, B. K., Chemistry & Industry (London, UK), (7), 239-240 (!988).
*C9 Alam, M. S.; Jain, N.; Kamil, M. And Llyas, M., Chemistry & Industry (London, UK),16, 565-566 (1987).
*C10 Walia, S. and Mukerjee, S. K. Phytochemistry, 23, 1816-1817 (1984).
*C11 Raju, M. S.; Srimannarayana, G. and Rao, N. V., Indian J. Chem. Sect. B: 16B, 167-168 (1978).
*C12 Gunasekara, S. P.; Ramachandran, S.; Selliah, S and Sulthanbava, M. U. S., J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1: 2447-2450 (!975).
*C13 Bala, K. R. and Seshadri, T. R., Phytochemistry, 10, 1131-1134 (1971).
*C14 Raju, M. S. and Rao, N. V. S., Indian J. Chem., 7, 1278-1279 (1969).
*C15 Chakraborty, D. P. and Chatterji, D., J. Org. Chem., 34, 3784-3786 (1969).
*C16 Chow, Y. L. and Quon, H. H., Phytochemistry, 7, 1871-1874 (1968).
*C17 Govindachari, T. R.; Pai, B. R.; Subramaniam, P. S.; Rao, U. R. and Muthukumaraswamy, N., Tetrahedron, 23, 4161-4165 (1967).
*C18 Govindachari, T. R.; Pai, B. R.; Subramaniam, P. S.; Rao, U. R. and Muthukumaraswamy, N., Tetrahedron, 23, 243-248 (1967).
*C19 Dutt, P, Deb, N. C. and Bose, P. K., J. Indian Chem. Soc., 17, 277-279 (1940).
Last renewal date2023/12/13
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