Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Charila |
|---|---|---|
| Urudu name | Chharela | |
| Arabic name / Persian name | Ushnah, Sheebt al-ajuz / Davalah, Davalak | |
| English name | Stone flowers, Rockmoss | |
| Original plant name | Parmelia perlata (Huds) Ach., Stone flowers, Rockmoss | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | thallus |
| Collection information | People's Republic of Bangladesh, Dacca [Dhaka] , Essa Bros. & Co. | |
| Collection date | 1964/3/6 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba | |
| Identifier | Javed Ahmad | |
| Description | The drug consists of fruiting thallus of the lichen Parmelia perlata. Features: Flat crumpled and foliose thallus, pale green or greyish brown in colour, upto 20cm. Across with overlapping flaps; upper surface smooth, maculate, marked with minute whitish cracks and studded with small cup shaped sorelia; underside of thallus is black, smooth or wrinkled, bearing short scattered rhizinae. Odour - faint and agreeable, becoming intense on moistening; taste - bitter and astringent. | |
| TMPW No. | 9567 | |
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location of its administrative area is indicated.
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Production area information
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23.810332
90.41251809999994
Collection information
People's Republic of Bangladesh,Dacca [Dhaka]
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Urudu name, English name | Chharela, Stone flowers, Rockmoss | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic name / Persian name | Ushnah, Sheebt al-ajuz / Davalah, Davalak | ||||
| crude drug image |
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| Original plant name | Parmelia perlata (Huds) Ach., Parmeliaceae | ||||
| Family name | Parmeliaceae | ||||
| Used part | Fruiting thallus | ||||
| Distribution area | This species of the Lichenes Order belongs to Family Parmeliaceae; found on old plants, walls and on the rocks of the Himalayas and Kashmir hills. It is also found in Persia (Iran). | ||||
| Description | A group of physicians are of the opinion that it is hot in the first and cold in the second degree. Another group of physicians says that it is it is cold and extremely dry. According to others it has moderate temperament. It is pleasantly fragrant. | ||||
| Function and properties | Heart, Swellings, Joints, Organs of the head, Ocular organs, Alimentary organs, Excretory organs. Referred as exhilarant, cardiac tonic, stomachic, sedative, emollient, resolvent and astringent. | ||||
| Specific actions | Exhilarant, resolvent and analgesic. | ||||
| Frequency in use | Common. | ||||
| Common uses | Heart: Chharela traditionally included in preparations as cardiac tonic, stomach and liver tonic as well as refrigerant tonic preparations which alleviate pain also. It is also useful in palpitation. Swellings: A paint of Chharela gives relief in hot inflammations, dissolve hard inflammations and removes swellings of flaccid flesh. Joints: It is incorporated in medicinal oils which are intended for removing fatigue and dissolving the hardness of joints. Its decoction also has similar properties. Organs of the head: Chharela’s smell is tonic to brain. Ocular organs: It clears the vision. It is applied in the eyes as collyrium to alleviate epiphoric conditions. Alimentary organs: It stops vomiting, strengthens the stomach, removes its flatulence. It alleviates pain of the weak liver. Excretory organs: Sitz bath in the water of Chharela (i.e. water in which Chharela has been boiled) removes obstructions of the uterus and helps in uteralgia and menstruation. | ||||
| Side effect | It may be harmful for intestines on long term use. | ||||
| Medical system | Unani | ||||
| Traditional concept | Temperament | It is hot and dry in the first degree. | |||
| Drug effect | Exhilarant and sedative are its beneficial effects. | ||||
| Dosage | 3 to 5 gm. | ||||
| Substitute | Qardamana (caraway) in equal quantity is the substitute of Chharela. | ||||
| Related drugs | The market sample consists of a number of other species of Parmelia having a thallose form. The chief among these are P. perforata, P. kamtschadalis and P. nepalensis. Usnea longissima Linn. is another similar crude drug. In the ancient books of Tibbi-Unani there is description of this drug under the name Ushnah. The habit and habitat of this species (Usnea) are old trees of oak, walnut and pine. There are two kinds of Ushnah as reported by Hakeem Saifuddin and they resemble very much with each other. The later species occur mostly in the temperate areas of western countries. This species is not found in India or Kashmir. | ||||
| Corrigent (corrective) | Anisun (Pimpinella anisum Linn.). | ||||
| Important compound preparations | Dawa ul-Misk Mo`tadil and Labub Kabir. | ||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, 1956. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi. - New Edition (1996) National Institute Science Communication; Supplement p 186. Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi p 324. Indian Materia Medica, Vols. 1-2, 1976 (Repr. 1989). Nadkarni, A.K., Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., Bombay Vol. 1, p 922. Avicenna's Tract on Cardiac Drugs and Essays on Arab Cardiotherapy, 1983. Hameed, H. A. Hamdard Foundation Press, Karachi. p 42. Makhzanul-Mufradat (Khawasul Adviyah), Hakeem Kabiruddin, Daftar Al-Masih, Qarol Bagh, Delhi. pp 77-78, 250. Al-Qanun Fil-Tibb. Avicenna. (English translation of the critical Arabic text), Book 2, 1998. Hameed, H. A. (editor), Dept. of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi. p 62. Al-Jamili Mufradt Al Adwiya Wal Aghziya (1197-1248 A.D.). Ibn al-Baytar. Vols. 1-3, 1985-1999. Central council for Research in Unani Medicine, Janakpuri, New Delhi. Vol. 1, pp 80-82. Hamdard Pharmcopoeia of Eastern medicine, 1969. Said, H. M. (editor), The Times Press, Sadar Karachi. pp 130, 244. Indusyunic Medicine, 1997. Usmanghani, K., Saeed, A. and Alam, M. T. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi. pp 327-328. Unani Adwiyah Mufradah, 1984. Ali, Saifuddin, A. (3rd edi.). Taraqi-e-Urdu Bureau, R. K. Puram, New Delhi. pp 34-35. | |||
| Remarks | Avicenna (Ibn Sina) has recommended this drug for cardiac ailments and has included among the sixty-three drugs which he has described under Ushna in his book ''al-adwiyat al-Qalbia'' (Cardiac Drugs). It is a very important drug and is incorporated in various compound formulations of Unani. The Arab authors of Unani classical literature have described this drug under the head Ushna. | ||||
| Last renewal date | 2024/02/26 | ||||
