Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Mur-makki |
|---|---|---|
| Urudu name | Mur-Makki | |
| Arabic name / Persian name | Murr / Bol | |
| English name | Myrrh | |
| Original plant name | Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl., Myrrh | |
| Family name | Burseraceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | resin |
| Collection information | Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Karachi [Karachi], Sind , Amjad Unani Medicine (Pvt.) Ltd. | |
| Collection date | 1994/1/22 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba | |
| Identifier | Javed Ahmad | |
| Description | The drug consists of oleo-gum resin obtained from the stem of Commiphora myrrha. Features: Gum-oleo-resin of C. myrrha, imported from Iran, Arab and Africa and consisting the drug bole of commerce is sometimes mixed with guggul (Commiphora wightii (Arnott.) Bhand. syn. C. mukul (Hook. ex. Stocks) Engl.). The tears of myrrh are larger than guggul and of yellowish brown colour, exposing, on fracture, a brown surface having white markings appears. | |
| TMPW No. | 14431 | |
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Production area information
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25.0700428
67.2847875
Collection information
Islamic Republic of Pakistan,Karachi [Karachi], Sind
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Urudu name, English name | Mur-Makki, Myrrh | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic name / Persian name | Murr / Bol | |||
| crude drug image |
| |||
| Original plant name | Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl. | |||
| Family name | Burseraceae | |||
| Used part | Gum-resin | |||
| Distribution area | A native of Arabia and of the African coast of the Red Sea. It is imported into India from Iran, Arab and Africa. It has also been collected in Yemen and Somalia. | |||
| Description | The variety which is reddish white, uncontaminated with pieces of its wood and fragrant is considered good. Occasionally it is adulterated with some fatal latex-bearing plants and thus becomes harmful. It is obtained in the form of rounded tears or shapeless pieces. It is bitter in taste. Myrrh which is obtained from Mecca is considered superior and is known as Murr-Makki. It resembles the smoke of frankincense. Its smoke is highly desiccant but myrrh as such is rarefying and causes no irritation. | |||
| Function and properties | Cosmetics, Ulcer, Swellings, Skin, Head, Eye, Chest, Food, Fevers, Joints, Excretion. Astringent, antiseptic, desiccative, detersive, anti-inflammatory and resolvent, carminative, stomach tonic, emmenagogue, stimulating, expectorant, deobstruent, anthelmintic and calorific. Its smoke is equally suitable for treating such cases. | |||
| Specific actions | Anti-inflammatory, expectorant and anthelmintic. | |||
| Frequency in use | Not found in India. | |||
| Common uses | Cosmetics: When myrrh is mixed with myrtle oil and ladanum oil, it strengthens and promotes rich growth of hair and removes the scar. Its oral use gives a pleasant odour to the mouth and removes its foul smell. It is decocted with honey and cassia barks and applied to the warts. Ulcer: It heals the ulcers. Swellings: It is useful in phlegmatic swellings. Skin: Its application with vinegar cures ringworm and putrefactive wounds. Head: It strengthens the teeth, facilitates their tight fixation and prevents tooth decay when used as a mouthwash with wine and olive oil. It is one of the drugs which is beneficial for treating contusions of the ear when used along with rue, opium and castoreum. Local application in both nostrils prevents chronic catarrh. Eye: It cures the scars, ulcers, whiteness and purulent conditions of the eye and softens roughness of the eyelashes without causing irritation. At initial stages, it dissolves cataract. It is used in collyrium. It is dissolved in milk and dropped in eyes to have useful effects against purulent ophthalmia and weak eyesight. Chest: It is good for chronic and moist cough (associated with asthma, orthopnoea/orthopnea and chest pain). Food: It is useful for treating gastric atony, yellow water (ascites) and distension of stomach. Fevers: It prevents the intermittent fever in its initial stage. Joints: Its resolvent action makes it effective in rheumatic pains, gout and sciatica where it is given internally as well as applied in suitable local preparations desirably under cover. Excretion: It expels the foetus and worms including tapeworm because of its bitterness. Its oral intake in a dose of a baqla (Broad bean) grain is useful in cases of intestinal ulcers, abrasions and diarrhoea/diarrhea. | |||
| Side effect | It produces headache. It causes giddiness and sleep. It is harmful for those individuals who have hot temperament. It is used orally in cases of scorpion bite. | |||
| Medical system | Unani | |||
| Traditional concept | Temperament | It is hot and dry in the second degree. | ||
| Drug effect | It is considered very beneficial if used as an anthelmintic, expectorant and for the disorders of eyes. | |||
| Dosage | 1 to 2gm. (approximately). | |||
| Substitute | Qust (Saussurea lappa (Decn.) Sch.), Jand-baide-star (dried secretion from the testes of Castoreum) and Muqul (Commiphora mukul Engl.), gum resin. | |||
| Related drugs | Myrrh is also obtained form Commiphora abyssinica Engl. | |||
| Corrigent (corrective) | Pure honey, cold and moist commodities. | |||
| Important compound preparations | Habb-Mudir, Tiryaq Arbaah, Tiryaq Nazla, Habb-Momiyai Sada, Roghan Kalan and Marham Rusul. | |||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, 1956. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi. - New Edition (1996) National Institute Science Communication; Supplement p 75. Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi p 330. Makhzanul-Mufradat (Khawasul Adviyah), Hakeem Kabiruddin, Daftar Al-Masih, Qarol Bagh, Delhi. pp 534-535. A Survey of Drugs, 1961 (2nd edi.). Wahid, A. K. and Siddiqui, H. H. Institute of History of Medicine and Medical Research, Delhi. pp 19-30. Al-Qanun Fil-Tibb. Avicenna. (English translation of the critical Arabic text), Book 2, 1998. Hameed, H. A. (editor), Dept. of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi. pp 429-431. Hamdard Pharmcopoeia of Eastern medicine, 1969. Said, H. M. (editor), The Times Press, Sadar Karachi. pp 78, 113, 148-149, 256. Indusyunic Medicine, 1997. Usmanghani, K., Saeed, A. and Alam, M. T. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi. pp 172-173. Unani Adwiyah Mufradah, 1984. Ali, Saifuddin, A. (3rd edi.). Taraqi-e-Urdu Bureau, R. K. Puram, New Delhi. pp 257-258. Medicinal plants (in the traditions) of Prophet Muhammad, 1998. Farooqi, M. I. H. Sidrah Publisher, Lucknow. pp 164-165. | ||
| Remarks | The drug is described by Arab and Indian Unani physicians. It is also in the list of drugs used both in Unani and Ayurvedic Systems of Medicine. Somalis call it Mul-Mul. Since ancient times Mecca was the centre of Myrrh trade and, therefore, it became known as Mur-Makki i.e. Myrrh from Mecca. The Indian Myrrh, which is known as Mukul (Arabic - Moql) is obtained from Commiphora wightii (syn. C. mukul). It has similar properties but is reported to be inferior to Mur-Makki. Myrrh is a very effective disinfectant and, therefore, highly useful fumigant. The Prophet Mohammed said, ''Fumigate your homes with Myrrh, Wormwood and Thyme''. The gum resin is widely adulterated with that from Commiphora mukul Engl. Being antiseptic used with suitable prophylactic preparations against epidemics. | |||
| Last renewal date | 2024/03/12 | |||