Crude drug sample data base
※Click on the image to enlarge it.
Crude drug name | Market name | Unab |
|---|---|---|
| Urudu name | Unnab | |
| Arabic name / Persian name | 'Unnab / Seelana | |
| English name | Common Jujube, Jujube Berry | |
| Original plant name | Ziziphus sativa Gaertn. syn. Ziziphus vulgaris Lam., Common Jujube, Jujube Berry | |
| Family name | Rhamnaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | fruit |
| Collection information | People's Republic of Bangladesh, Dacca [Dhaka] , Essa Bros. & Co. | |
| Collection date | 1964/3/6 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba | |
| Identifier | Javed Ahmad | |
| Description | Features: Oblong, ovoid or subglobose fruits upto 2cm long and 7mm to 1.5cm broad. Surface of the skin smooth, polished, often shrivelled with a round scar at one end. The pulp is spongy and yellow in colour, closely adherent to a single seed. The seed is hard, stony and rugose with a sharp pointed apex. Odour - pleasantly aromatic; taste - sweet with slightly astringent after taste. | |
| TMPW No. | 9521 | |
The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative
location of its administrative area is indicated.
location of its administrative area is indicated.
Production area information
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
23.810332
90.41251809999994
Collection information
People's Republic of Bangladesh,Dacca [Dhaka]
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_nyu.png
Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Urudu name, English name | Unnab, Common jujube, Jujube berry | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic name / Persian name | 'Unnab / Seelana | |||||
| crude drug image |
| |||||
| Original plant name | Ziziphus sativa Gaertn. syn. Ziziphus vulgaris Lam. | |||||
| Family name | Rhamnaceae | |||||
| Used part | Fruits | |||||
| Distribution area | It is found in the Punjab, Himachal, Kashmir (India); N.W. Frontier Province and Baluchistan (Pakistan). | |||||
| Description | It is a famous fruit. The fruit is round like jujube fruit and reddish in colour. Taste - sweetish, like dried jujube fruit. The fruits (Unnab), which are produced in China, are considered superior. These are called Unnab Vilaiyti. These are of various sizes and the outer skin of fruit is reddish and wrinkled. The pulp is sweetish and closely adherent to the seed. The single seed is large and wrinkled. Choice: The large red coloured variety (Musallam) is considered better. The whole fruit (including seed) is used medicinally. | |||||
| Function and properties | Chest, Stomach, Blood, Fevers, Excretion. Emollient, suppurative (for extra humours / waste products), expectorant, laxative and blood purifier. Fruits are mucilaginous, febrifuge, mild laxative and tonic. Galen did not find any usefulness in it in respect of maintaining and restoring lost health but according to some other physicians, it is useful in cases of having intensely hot blood. Avicenna (Ibn Sina) considers the latter view to be true. It is due to its thickening and agglutinating property of blood. However, Avicenna (Ibn Sina) does not accept it as a blood -purifying agent. According to him it is less nutritive and difficult to digest. In this context the statement of Galen (Jalinus) is correct. | |||||
| Specific actions | Blood purifier, emollient and effective against throat and chest affections. | |||||
| Frequency in use | Common. | |||||
| Common uses | Chest: Jujube berries are useful for the chest and lungs. To relieve respiratory catarrh, nasal catarrh and flu, cough and hoarseness of throat as well as suppuration of turbid humours, the fruits are administered as decoction or infusion. In seasonal catarrhal affections, fruit decoction is one of the most effective remedies of Unani. Its syrup (dried fruits) is also very useful in cough and pain in chest. Stomach: As food it is not only unsuitable for the stomach but is also difficult to digest. Blood: Renders the blood clear by removing waste matters or excessive humours from its seat and thus acts as a desirable blood purifier for all age groups simultaneously getting rid of chronic ailments like syphilis, scabies, pimples and abscesses. Fevers: Fruits infusion or cold decoction with Khaksi (seeds), Sisymbrium irio Linn. is useful against periodic fevers. It lessens thirst during fevers. Its decoction is useful in small pox fever. Excretion: Some physicians consider it to be useful for nephralgia and cystalgia. | |||||
| Side effect | Prolong excessive use is harmful for stomach due to its emollient action causing extra moistness and to slow down over all activity in the digestive system. It is also considered harmful for sex organ (male). | |||||
| Medical system | Unani | |||||
| Traditional concept | Temperament | It possesses normal temperament (balanced in hotness / coldness) inclined towards moistness. It is hot and moist in the first degree. | ||||
| Drug effect | It is considered beneficial against hoarseness in throat and as a blood purifier. | |||||
| Dosage | 5 to 7 Nos. | |||||
| Substitute | Sapistan (Cordia latifolia Roxb.). | |||||
| Corrigent (corrective) | Sugar, rose and honey. | |||||
| Important compound preparations | Sherbat Unnab, Sherbat Aijaz, La`ooq Sapistan, Saduri; Itrifal Zamani and Joshina. | |||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi p 288. Indian Materia Medica, Vols. 1-2, 1976 (Repr. 1989). Nadkarni, A.K., Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., Bombay Vol. 1, pp 1318-1319. Makhzanul-Mufradat (Khawasul Adviyah), Hakeem Kabiruddin, Daftar Al-Masih, Qarol Bagh, Delhi. pp 403-404. A Survey of Drugs, 1961 (2nd edi.). Wahid, A. K. and Siddiqui, H. H. Institute of History of Medicine and Medical Research, Delhi. pp 55-58. Dictionary of Economic Plants in India, 1996 (2nd Rep.). Singh, U; Wadhwani, A. M. and Johri B.M. Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. p 249. Al-Qanun Fil-Tibb. Avicenna. (English translation of the critical Arabic text), Book 2, 1998. Hameed, H. A. (editor), Dept. of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi. pp 327-328. Al-Jamili Mufradt Al Adwiya Wal Aghziya (1197-1248 A.D.). Ibn al-Baytar. Vols. 1-3, 1985-1999. Central council for Research in Unani Medicine, Janakpuri, New Delhi. Vol. 3, pp 314-316. Indusyunic Medicine, 1997. Usmanghani, K., Saeed, A. and Alam, M. T. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi. pp 454-455. Unani Adwiyah Mufradah, 1984. Ali, Saifuddin, A. (3rd edi.). Taraqi-e-Urdu Bureau, R. K. Puram, New Delhi. p 204. | ||||
| Remarks | Two types of fruits are available commercially in India. The one, imported from China, is large in size with shining deep red skin while that coming from Gulf countries is somewhat globular and brownish in colour. The fruits originating from Kashmir are similar to those obtained from Gulf countries, but less sweet in taste. The fruits of other species are sometimes mixed with the genuine material and can be distinguished. According to Maseeh the larger fruit is superior / suitable and its oral use is more effective before the meals. He recommends further that the fruits are more useful in the pain of chest, kidney and bladder. Razi states that the consumption of fruits reduces the quantity of semen and produces erectile weakness among males. He also holds this view that it is difficult to digest and its movement is sluggish from the stomach towards the lower side (intestines). Its excessive use may produce flatulence and increase the circumference of the stomach. Its leaf, stem, stem bark, gum and seed (alone) are also used medicinally for different purposes. Its gum is useful after dissolving in vinegar and is applied on ringworm. The whole fruit after grinding, if taken orally, is useful against the wounds of intestines. According to Sharief the chewing of its leaves makes easy to intake bitter syrups or purgatives, it is due to the fact that it produces numbness inside the throat. The above different views are held by Unani physicians about this drug. Wahid and Siddiqui (1961) have entered this drug in the list of vegetable drugs used exclusively in Unani medicine. It is considered a safe blood purifier in Unani medicine for all age groups in recommended doses. It is extensively used in the preparation of compound formulations. The drug is also in the list of drugs used in Ayurvedic System of Medicine. | |||||
| Last renewal date | 2022/05/13 | |||||
