Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Harmal (seed) |
|---|---|---|
| Urudu name | Aspand | |
| Arabic name / Persian name | Harmal / Aspand | |
| English name | Syrian Rue, Wild Rue | |
| Original plant name | Peganum harmala Linn., Syrian Rue, Wild Rue | |
| Family name | Zygophyllaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | seed |
| Collection information | Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Karachi [Karachi], Sind , Amjad Unani Medicine (Pvt.) Ltd. | |
| Collection date | 1994/1/22 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba | |
| Identifier | Javed Ahmad | |
| Description | Features: Its seeds are used medicinally. It is of two types. Aspand Arabi and Aspand Sokhtani. Aspand or Harmal drug is Aspand Sokhtani. Its seed are dull brown in colour, triangular concavo - convex with a reticulate seed coat, upto 4 mm long and 1-2 mm broad. Difficult to break; taste - very bitter; odour - narcotic (when crushed). The colour of the powdered drug is coffee coloured. On reacting with concentrated sulphuric acid, the powder of the drug becomes black. | |
| TMPW No. | 14552 | |
The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative
location of its administrative area is indicated.
location of its administrative area is indicated.
Production area information
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25.0700428
67.2847875
Collection information
Islamic Republic of Pakistan,Karachi [Karachi], Sind
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Urudu name, English name | Aspand, Syrian Rue, Wild Rue | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic name / Persian name | Harmal / Aspand | |||||
| crude drug image |
| |||||
| Original plant name | Peganum harmala Linn. | |||||
| Family name | Zygophyllaceae | |||||
| Used part | Seeds | |||||
| Distribution area | The plant is found almost throughout northern and northwestern India, and in drier regions of Daccan; the Punjab, Sind and Kashmir. | |||||
| Function and properties | Sexual debility, Chest, Joints, Head, Nervous system, Eye, Excretion, Ear. Aphrodisiac, hypnotic, sedative, alterative, antiperiodic, stimulant, emmenagogue, lactagogue and abortifacient. Expel out extra malhumours, as diuretic, expectorant, antiflatulent (for intestines) and anthelmintic. It is erosive and attenuant. | |||||
| Specific actions | Effective against cold malhumoural affections, e.g. paralysis, sciatica and related nervous disorders. | |||||
| Frequency in use | Common in north western India. | |||||
| Common uses | Sexual debility: Harmal seeds are mostly used in aphrodisiac preparations. Chest: It is good in asthma and cough to get rid of extra produced phlegmatic matter. Joints: It is good for arthralgia, and sciatica if used as a paint. Head: It is an intoxicant like wine. Nervous system: It is useful in nervous disorders like paralysis, hemilpegia, dementia, insanity, amnesia and sciatica. Eye: Dioscorides stated that if rubbed with honey, wine, gall bladder of partridge or a chicken and the juice of dill, it proves to be useful for treatment of the weakness of eyesight. Excretion: It is also useful in colic. Ear: The seeds are heated with olive oil and the oil is dropped in the ear, is useful to improve the hearing power. | |||||
| Side effect | May cause headache, colic and griping. Large dose or prolonged use may cause abortion. It also causes severe vomiting. | |||||
| Medical system | Unani | |||||
| Traditional concept | Temperament | It is hot and dry in the second degree. | ||||
| Drug effect | The drug is very useful in nervous disorders like paralysis, hemilpegia, insanity etc. and particularly in sciatica. It produces headache. | |||||
| Comments | Plant is mosquito repellent. Fumigation is done by fumes of burning seeds in a room when a child is born, its smoke is supposed to purify the air. The fumes possess antiseptic property. The plant is wide spread in desert areas of sub-continent. | |||||
| Dosage | 2 to 4 gm (approximately). | |||||
| Substitute | Tukhm-e-Sudab (Ruta graveolens L.), seeds. | |||||
| Corrigent (corrective) | Sour things (for nutrition) and Sikanjebeen (lemon juice mixed with sugar in cold water). | |||||
| Important compound preparations | Ma`jun Isp and Sokhtani. | |||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | Standardisation of Single Drugs of Unani medicine, Part 1, 1987 (1st edi.), Part 2, 1992 (1st edi.), Part 3, 1997 (1st edi.). Central council for Research in Unani Medicine, New Delhi. Part 1, pp 129-134. Makhzanul-Mufradat (Khawasul Adviyah), Hakeem Kabiruddin, Daftar Al-Masih, Qarol Bagh, Delhi. pp 73-74. Dictionary of Economic Plants in India, 1996 (2nd Rep.). Singh, U; Wadhwani, A. M. and Johri B.M. Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. p 166. Al-Qanun Fil-Tibb. Avicenna. (English translation of the critical Arabic text), Book 2, 1998. Hameed, H. A. (editor), Dept. of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi. pp 165-166. Al-Jamili Mufradt Al Adwiya Wal Aghziya (1197-1248 A.D.). Ibn al-Baytar. Vols. 1-3, 1985-1999. Central council for Research in Unani Medicine, Janakpuri, New Delhi. Vol. 2, pp 32-34. Hamdard Pharmcopoeia of Eastern medicine, 1969. Said, H. M. (editor), The Times Press, Sadar Karachi. pp 259-260. Indusyunic Medicine, 1997. Usmanghani, K., Saeed, A. and Alam, M. T. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi. pp 328-329. | ||||
| Remarks | Avicenna (Ibn Sina) and Ibn al-Baytar have described this drug in their books. | |||||
| Last renewal date | 2024/02/22 | |||||
