Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market nameMa-kham-kai
Other namesMa-ong-nok (northern), Ma-kham-di-kai (Central), Mak-kho (Khon Kaen), Pa-ong-nok, Ya-kae
Original plant nameDrypetes roxburghii (Wall.) Harusawa syn. Putranjiva roxburghii Wall.
Family nameEuphorbiaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification bark
Collection informationKingdom of Thailand, Bangkok
Collection dateDec, 1972
CollectorTsuneo Namba, et al.
IdentifierNijsiri Ruangrungsi
TMPW No.13179

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
Production area information
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
13.7563309
100.50176510000006
Collection information
Kingdom of Thailand,Bangkok
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Scientific information data base

Crude drug nameThai name,
English name		Ma-kham-kai, Pra-kham-kai [root, root bark]
crude drug image
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Original plant nameDrypetes roxburghii (Wall.) Harusawa syn. Putranjiva roxburghii Wall.
Family nameEuphorbiaceae
Used partRoot, root bark
Distribution areaIn evergreen and deciduous forests, coexisting with bamboo, and normally on bedrock or limestone mountains at the altitude 500m, also along streams. Also found from West Himalaya to Ceylon and Burma, and in Indo-China (Laos, Cambodia), Java, Moluccas, Lesser Sunda Island, Papua New Guinea.
Frequency in useNot frequent.
Traditional usageRoot, root bark: nauseating bitter taste, remedy for nephrosis, ligament complications, relieves ligament stress/constrain, for treatment of internal inflammations mostly accompanying with exudates, such as tuberculosis and hepatitis.

Bark: general remedy, biliary tonic.
Drug effectGeneral remedy, Bile tonic.
Chemical constituent
amentoflavone; β-amyrin; β-amyrin palmitate; arachidic acid; friedelin; linoleic acid; palmitic acid; phenyl isothiocyanate; (-)-pinoresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside; podocarpusflavone A; podocarpusflavone B; proteins; pollen allergenic proteins (MWs 92, 80, 55, 43 and 30 kD); putraflavone; putranjic acid; putranjivadione; putranjivanonol; putranjivic acid; putranjivoside; putranjinin; methylputranjivate; putranjuvic acid; putranoside A,B,C,D; putric acid; putrol; putrolic acid; putrone; roxburghonic acid; ?-sitostenol; stearic acid; stigmasterol; (-)-syringaresinol-4',4"-β-D-diglucopyranoside; (+)-syringaresinol-4',O-β-D-glucopyranoside; syringin; syringin methyl ester; syringin-apiosyl-glucoside.

Pharmacological effectAgainst plant virus, antibacterial, allergenic (type I hypersensitivity, caused by proteins from the pollen), inducing mitosis-disruptive chromosomal changes in bone marrow cells.
Medical systemThai medicine
PreparationsDried ground and decoction for oral intake, and in a form of poultice for external use
ReferencesReference book　

Tips！

The Forest Herbarium of the Royal Forest Department: Thai Plant Names Tem Smitinand, Revised Edition 2001. Prachachon Co.Ltd., Bangkok.


Wuttidhamvate W.: Saranukrom Samunplai, 1997. Odian Store Press, Bangkok.


Brun V and Schumacher T.: Traditional Herbal Medicine in Thailand, 1994. White Lotus Co., Ltd., Bangkok.


Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University.: Samunplai-Mai-Peun-Bann, vol III. Bunyapraphatsara N and Choakchaijarenporn O, editors. 1999. Prachachon Co., Ltd., Bangkok.


Research paper1. (PMID:9363906)
2. (PMID:10987124)
3. Varshney AK, Aquil M, Rahman W, Okigawa M, Kawano N.: Biflavones from Putranjiva roxburghii. Phytochemistry. 1973. 12(6):1501.
RemarksThe Karens use the leaves as tea.
Last renewal date2022/02/17
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