Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Kemukus |
|---|---|---|
| Other names | Java: kumukus (Javanese), rinu (Sundanese), kamokos (Madurese); Celebes: pamukusu (Makasar) [201]. | |
| English name | Cubeb, Tailed pepper | |
| Original plant name | Piper cubeba Vahl, Cubeb, Tailed pepper | |
| Family name | Piperaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | fruit |
| Collection information | Republic of Indonesia, Cap Lonceng | |
| Collection date | 1994/03/04 | |
| Collector | Katsuko Komatsu, et al. | |
| Identifier | Mangestuti Agil | |
| TMPW No. | 14351 | |
Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Indonesian name, English name | Kemukus, Cubeb, Tailed pepper | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| crude drug image |
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| Original plant name | Piper cubeba Vahl | ||||
| Family name | Piperaceae | ||||
| Used part | Fruits | ||||
| Distribution area | P. cubeba is native to Indonesia and occurs in Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan. It is cultivated in different places in Java [201]. | ||||
| Description | Berry on 3-15 mm long stipe, globose, 6-8 mm in diameter, red-yellow, drying to black. Seed globose, white-brown. The spice has an aromatic odour but the taste is somewhat bitter and acrid. Odour - agreeable and aromatic, taste - pungent, slightly bitter and acrid. The plant is a perennial, woody, dioecious climber, 5-15 cm long. Leaves simple, blade ovate, base cordate, apex tapering to acuminate, spike 3-10 cm long, female ones shortest and often curved, male flower with oblong-obovate bract [204]. Several cultivars are distinguished, but their identity is obscure. The cultivars with the vernacular names ''rinu katuncur'' and ''rinu cengke'' are considered as true cubeb cultivars; ''rinu badak'', ''rinu carulang'', ''rinu pedes'' and ''rinu tembaga'' are said to be false cubebs [201, 204]. | ||||
| Drug effect | Warming, pungent [231]. | ||||
| Specific actions | Carminative, stomachic, diuretic [231]. | ||||
| Frequency in use | Moderate | ||||
| Pharmacological effect | Composite herbal drugs that contain P. cubeba as one of the ingredients proved to be effective in treating cough. The alcoholic extract of the drug shows antibacterial activity agains Micrococcus pyrogens var. aureus. Oil of cubeb is also effective against influenxa virus and Bacillus typhosus. The n-hexane and ethanolic extracts of cubebs separately demonstrated a complete spasm inhibition at the dose of 0.50 mg/ml. After further fractionations of the extracts, it was indicated that the tracheospasmolytic active compounds are present in the relatively semi-polar and polar fractions. | ||||
| Medical system | Indonesian medicine (Jamu) | ||||
| Traditional usage | Treatment of amoebic dysentery, gonorrhoea/gonorrhea and difficulty in breathing. Also to keep body warm and alleviate bad odour of the oral cavity. It is a popular aphrodisiac in Java. Also as a diuretic, antiseptic and against rheumatism [201, 204]. | ||||
| Formulation | 1) Breathing difficulty: pour 1 glass of hot water on 15 grams powdered dried material , stand to cool and strain. Add 1 tablespoon of honey, stir and drink immediately [207]. 2) Cough: 7 pieces of the fruits of P. cubeba, 1 handful of fresh aerial parts of Centella asiatica and water, are pounded, squeezed and strain. Drink 1/4 cup of the juice twice a day, in the morning and evening for 7 days [231]. | ||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | [201] K. Heyne, Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia, Vols. 1-4, 1987. Diedarkan Oleh Koperasi Karyawan Departemen Kehutanan, Jakarta, Indonesia. Vol. 2, pp 628-631. [204] de Guzman, C.C. and Siemonsma, J.S. (Editors), 1999. Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 13 Species. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands. pp 183-187. [207] Badan Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan and Departemen Kesehatan, Kesejahteraan Sosial Ri. Vols. 1-5, Inventaris Tanaman Obat Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. Vol. 1, Part 2 (2001), pp 271-272. [222] P.T. Eisai Indonesia: Medical Herb Index in Indonesia (Second edition).1995. p 21. [231] Soedibyo, Mooryati: Alam Sumber Kesehatan: Manfaat dan Kegunaan (Natural resources for health. Benefits and uses). Balai Pustaka. 1998. pp 212-213. | |||
| Remarks | [DNA sequence] EF060070 Cubebs are applied in the bronchial mucous membrane for the treatment of bronchitis and coughs. It applied to the genitor-urinary mucous membrane as stimulants. It also is an ingredient in many mixtures given as tonic against indigestion, as a medicine against rheumatism. From the Middle Ages onward, it was used as a spice. It frequently used in the form of cigarettes for asthma, chronic pharyngitis and hay-fever. A small percentage of cubebs is also commonly included in lozenges designed for use in bronchitis, in which the antiseptic and expectoral properties is of much value. According to The Master Book of Herbalism, Cubebs is used as an aphrodisiac for men especially, that can prolong erection, increase passion and increase the physical activity in sex. | ||||
| Last renewal date | 2024/03/08 | ||||
