Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market name赤芍
Formal name赤芍
Japanese nameせきしゃく, Sekishaku
Vernacular nameChishao
Latin namePaeoniae Radix Rubra (CP)
English nameRed Peony Root (CP)
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification root
Production area informationPeople's Republic of China, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Wild or cultivatedWild
Collection informationJapan（ToS）, Osaka Pref., Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd. [Non-commercial Sample]
Collection date2020/01/17
CollectorKatsuko Komatsu
TMPW No.30503

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
40.842356
111.74999500000001
Production area information
People's Republic of China,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
34.6937249
135.5022535
Collection information
Japan（ToS）,Osaka Pref.
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_nyu.png

Scientific information data base

Common name赤芍, Chishao, Paeoniae Radix Rubra (CP2020), Red Peony Root (CP2020)
Synonyms川芍薬, 川赤芍
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Original plant namePaeonia lactiflora Pallas1, Paeonia veitchii Lynch, (Shakuyaku1)
original plant image
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Family namePaeoniaceae
Used partroot with periderm
Quality for selectionThe good one has thicker, longer roots and deep wrinkles on its surface. The outer bark is easily peeled off. The cross-sectioned surface is whitish in color and a powdery state.
Official compendiumCP (2020 ed.)
Clinical applicationIt activates blood and moves stagnation. It disperses abscesses and swellings. It is used for pain in the lower abdomen and the lower back caused by blood heat stagnation. It is also applied to gynecological disease such as amenorrhea.
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine		Traditional
classification		Drugs for invigorating blood circulation
Beneficial effect[Property and Flavor] Mild cold; bitter.
[Meridian Tropism] Liver meridian.
[Actions] To clear heat, cool the blood, dissipate stasis, and relieve pain.
[Indications] Heat entering nutrient-blood aspects, macula and papule caused by warm toxin, hernatemesis, epistaxis, red painful swelling eyes, liver depression with hypochondriac pain, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, abdominal pain caused by masses traumatic injures swelling abscess, sore and ulcer.
Chemical constituentMonoterpenoids
P. lactiflora Pall. var. trichocarpa Stern. (*C1):
Paeoniflorin, Albiflorin, Oxypaeoniflorin, Paeoniflorigenone, Paeonilactones
P. albiflora Pall. var. trichocarpa Bunge 代謝物/metabolites (*C2, C3):
Paeonilactone-A, Paeonilactone-B, Paeonilactone-C
P. albiflora Pall. (*C7-C16):
Paeoniflorin, Oxypaeoniflorin, Benzoylpaeoniflorin, Desbenzoylpaeoniflorin, Albiflorin, Paeoniflorigenone, 6-O-Acetylpaeoniflorigenone
以下代謝物/the followings are metabolites; 7S-Paeonimetaboline I, 7R-Paeonimetaboline I, 6-O-Acetylpaeonimetaboline I, Paeonimetaboline II, Paeonimetaboline III, Paeonilactone-A(Metabolite-A1), Paeonilactone-B(Metabolite-A2), Metabolite A1-acetate, 7S-Paeonimetaboline-6-O-3,5-dinitrophenyl carbamate, 7R-Paeonimetaboline-6-O-3,5-dinitrophenyl carbamate, 7S-8-(2-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-(2-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7S-8-(2-Hydroxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-(2-Hydroxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7S-8-Benzoylthiopaeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-Benzoylthiopaeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-(Carboxymethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7S-8-(Carboxymethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-(2'-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7S-8-(2'-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7R-8-(5'-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, 7S-8-(5'-Carboxyethylthio)paeonimetabolin I, Pentaacetylpaeoniflorin, Tetraacetylpaeoniflorin, Albimetaboline I, Albimetaboline II
P. albiflora 代謝物/metabolites (*C17-C19):
7S-Paeonimetaboline I, 7R-Paeonimetaboline I, Paeonimetaboline II, Paronimetaboline III

Triterpenoids
P. lactiflora (*C4,C5,C6):
Palbinone

Tannins
P. lactiflora var. trichocarpa (*C1):
Tetragalloylglucose, Pentagalloylglucose, Hexagalloylglucose
P. albiflora (*C7):
Gallotannins
(*C20):
Tetra - Undecagalloylglucose, d-Catechin, Procyanidin B-1

Other aromatic compounds
P. lactiflora var. trichocarpa(*C1):
benzoic acid

Pharmacological effectAntiinflammatory, antihypertensive, sedative (paeoniflorin). Inhibition of stress ulcer. Antispasmodic, improvement of experimental spatial cognitive impairment (water extract, paeoniflorin). Central antispasmodic effect (paeoniflorin, paeonimetabolin I). Antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus and all).
※Metabolism by human entric bacteria (*C7-C19). Paeoniflorine is metabolized by 7-R-paeonimetaboline I or 7-s-paeonimetaboline I, which have central antispasmodic behavior. Therefore, they seem to be the real medical properteis.
DNA sequenceTraditioal Medical & Parmaceutical Database.
DiseaseLower back pain, Abdominal pain, Swelling and pain due to contusion, Anginal pain, Nasal hemorrhage, Irregular menstruation
Related drugs"Shaoyao", "Baishao", "Shanshaoyao"
ReferencesCP2020: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020 edi.
C1)The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. I, pp 102-104.
C2)Tetrahedron Lett.,26,3699(1985).
C3)Chem.Pharm.Bull.,37,843(1989).
C4)Tetrahedron Lett.,33,255(1992).
C5)Chem.Pharm.Bull.,41,487(1993).
C6)Phyto.Res.,9,379(1995).
C7)Chem.Pharm.Bull.,33,3838(1985).
C8)J.Med.Pharm.Soc.Wakan-Yaku,2,398(1985).
C9)Chem.Pharm.Bull.,35,3726(1987).
10)J.Med.Pharm.Soc.Wakan-Yaku,4,82(1987).
C11)J.Pharmacobio-Dyn.,10,s-58(1987).
C12)Chem.Pharm.Bull.,36,3043(1988).
C13)J.Trad.Med.,13,73(1996).
C14)J.Trad.Med.,14,15(1997).
C15)Biol.Pharm.Bull.,20,517(1997).
C16)J.Trad.Med.,14,105(1997).
C17)J.Trad.Med.,13,248(1996).
C18)J.Pharm.Pharmacol.,49,35(1997).
C19)Nat.Med.,52,265(1998).
C20)Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, p 297.
Remarks[Origin] The name "Shaoyao" (芍薬) is not used in China, but white-peony and red-peony are used distinctively. The Pharmacopoeia of The People's Republic of China defines red-peony as the roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. or P. veitchii Lynch., and white-peony as the boiled roots of P. lactiflora after removal of the skin or as the boiled unbarked roots. In Japan, generally, white-peony and red-peony are not used distinctively but divided into 3 categories according to the following processes: Shin-Shakuyaku (the skin of roots is removed, boiled and dried like Chinese white-peony). "Kiboshi-Shakuyaku" (after being washed in water, the skin is removed and it is dried). "Kawatsuki-Shakuyaku" (washed and dried like Chinese red-peony). The Japanese Pharmacopoeia (1st appendix of 14th edition), adapts the theory which consolidates P. lactiflora Pall. var. trichocarpa Stern (= P. albiflora Pall) into the mother species, and defines it as the roots of P. lactiflora. Chinese red-peony can not adapt to Japanese officinal. In Japan, P. lactiflora has been cultivated as Japanese peony in Nara, Hokkaido and Tottori prefectures. Though European peony of the garden plant is also used now, the quality is said to be lower.
Last renewal date2023/09/07
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