Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market name黄柏
Formal name黄柏
Japanese nameおうばく, Ōbaku
Vernacular nameGuanhuangbo
Latin namePhellodendri Cortex (JP), Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex (CP)
English namePhellodendron Bark (JP), Amur Cork-tree (CP)
Other names関黄柏
Original plant namePhellodendron amurense Rupr., (Kihada)
Family nameRutaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification bark
Production area informationPeople's Republic of China, Tieling, Liaoning Prov.
Collection informationJapan(ToS), Osaka Pref., Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd. [Non-commercial Sample]
Collection date2021/04/01
CollectorKatsuko Komatsu
TMPW No.30908

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative  
location of its administrative area is indicated.  
42.223828
123.726035
Production area information
People's Republic of China,Tieling, Liaoning Prov.
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
34.6937249
135.5022535
Collection information
Japan(ToS),Osaka Pref.
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_nyu.png

Scientific information data base

Common name黄柏, Huangbo,Phellodendri Cortex (JP18), 関黄柏: Phellodendri Amurensis Cortex, 川黄柏: Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex (CP2020), Phellodendron Bark (JP18), 関黄柏: Amur Cork-tree, 川黄柏: Chinese Cork-tree (CP2020)
Synonyms関黄柏, 川黄柏
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Original plant namePhellodendron amurense Ruprecht (incl. its variety)1 or Phellodendron chinense Schneider2, (JP: Kihada, etc.1, CN: Kihada1, Shinakihada2)
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Family nameRutaceae
Used partbark (without periderm)
Quality for selectionGood Huangbo is bright yellow and has thick bark. It has a strong bitterness. Good powdered Huangbo becomes sticky right after being kneaded by water. (TN)
Official compendiumJP XVIII, CP (2020 ed.)
Clinical applicationAs an amaroid stomachic, antiphlogistic, astringent and for relieving stagnation of intestines, Huanhgbo is applied for gastroenteritis, abdominal pain, jaundice and diarrhea. As an antiinflammatory drug, it is applied to bruises externally.
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine
Traditional
classification
Drugs for elimination heat and dampness
Beneficial effect[Property and Flavor] Cold; bitter.
[Meridian Tropism] Kidney and bladder meridians.
[Actions] To clear heat, dry dampness, purge fire, relieve steaming, remove toxin and treat sore.
[Indications] Diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice with dark urine, abnormal vaginal discharge and pudendal itching, heat strangury with chronic pain, beriberi, leg flaccidity, bone steaming and consumptive fever, night sweating, seminal emission, sore and ulcer, swelling and toxin, eczema, and dampness sore due to dampnes-heat.
Chemical constituentTriterpenoid saponins
(*C1):
Obakunone, Obakulactone(= Limonin)

Sterols
(*C1):
beta-Sitosterol, Campesterol, 7-Dehydrostigmasterol 及びその/and the linolate, palmitate

Flavones & Flavonols
葉/leaf (*C1):
Amurensin, Phellamurin

Isoquinoline alkaloids
(*C1):
Berberine, Palmatine, Magnoflorine, Jateorrhizine, Phellodendrine, Candicine, Menisperine

Others
(*C1):
Guanidine

Chemical structure






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Pharmacological effectAntibacterial (Phellodendron Bark powder, berberin: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, etc.). Antiinflammation (methanol extract).
DNA sequenceAF066804, AF025523; Traditioal Medical & Parmaceutical Database.
Classical reference
(Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao")
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DiseaseGastroenteritis, Abdominal pain, Jaundice, Diarrhea, Hematochezia, Leukorrhea, Urodynia, Cloudy urine, Swelling and pain of the lower limb, Night sweats, Pyogenic dermatosis, Itching
FormulationIshoho, Unseiin, Ekigento, Ogesan, Orengedokuto, Orengedokuto, Orenshodokuin, Kamishimotsuto, Kamihachimyakusan, Keigairengyoto, Saikoseikansan, Jiinkokato, Shishishito, Jijintsujito, Shichimotsukokato, Joshitsuhokito, Jingyobofuto, Jintanto, Seishitsuto, Seishoekkito, Seichuankaito, Seinetsuhoketsuto, Tokirokuoto, Hakutooto, Hakutookakanzoakyoto, Hangebyakujutsutemmato, Hointo, Ryutan-shakan-to, Compound Phellodendron Powder for Cataplasm, Phellodendron, Albumin Tannate and Bismuth Subnitrate Powder
ReferencesJP18: The 18th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
CP2020: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020 edi.
C1) The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. II, pp 147-150.
Remarks The variants of Kihada, the original plant of Japanese huangbo, are Phellodendron amurense Rupr. var. sachalinense Fr. Schm. (Jap. name: Hirohanokihada), P. amurense Rupr. var. japonicum (Maxim.) Ohwi (Jap. name: Ōbanokihada, Kekihada) and P. amurense Rupr. var. lavallei (Dode) Sprague (Jap. name: Miyamakihada).
 In Japan it is also used as an ingredient for domestic medicines such as "Daranisuke" in Nara Prefecture or "Hyakusou" in Nagano Prefecture. In addition, there are variety of uses as the materials for berberine. They are cultivated in Niigata, Nagano, Nara, Kumamoto and other prefectures. The bark is removed and they are processed at the end of the rainy season. The share of Japanese Huangbo in total domestic consumption is about 20%. The remain is imported from China. In China, the bark of P. chinense is called "Chuanhuangbo" and the bark of P. amurense is called "Guanhuangbo".
 Generally, the content of alkaloids is higher if it is produced in southern districts. Kampo Medicine defines Huangbo as a drug for eliminating damp-heat of the lower body.
Last renewal date2022/11/10