Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market nameゴオウ（玉）
Formal name牛黄
Japanese nameごおう, Goō
Latin nameBezoar Bovis (JP), Bovis Calculus (CP)
English nameOriental Bezoar (JP), Cow-bezoar (CP)
Used partClassificationAnimal origin
Sub classification others
Production area informationAustralia
Collection informationJapan, Osaka Pref., Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd.
Collection date00/00/00
CollectorHirotoshi Fushimi
RemarksLot. 011303006
TMPW No.31440

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
Production area information
Australia
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
34.6937378
135.50216509999996
Collection information
Japan,Osaka Pref.
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_nyu.png

Scientific information data base

Common name牛黄, Niuhuang, Bezoar Bovis (JP18), Bovis Calculus (CP2020), Oriental Bezoar (JP18), Cow-bezoar (CP2020)
Original plant nameBos taurus Linn. var. domesticus Gmelin, (Ushi)
original plant image
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Family nameBovidae
Used parta stone formed in the gall sac
Quality for selectionBoth the inside and outside of good Niuhuang are deep yellow. It is light, cracks by layer and tastes sweet. Australian niuhuang is the best. Indian niuhuang is not good. (TN)
Official compendiumJP XVIII, CP (2020 ed.)
Clinical applicationAs a tonic, antispasmodic, tranquilizer, antifebrile, antidote and for normalizing the function of gallbladder, Niuhuang is applied for delirium due to fever, convulsion and palpitation of the heart. It is also applied for sore throat, carbuncles and boils externally.
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine		Traditional
classification		Febrifugal and detoxicant drugs
Beneficial effect[Property and Flavor] Cool; sweet.
[Meridian Tropism] Heart and liver meridians.
[Actions] To clear the heart, sweep phlegm, open the orifices, cool the liver, extinguish wind, and remove toxin.
[Indications] Loss of consciousness in febrile disease, wind-stroke and phlegm clouding the heart, seizures, convulsions, epilepsy, manic psychosis, swelling and sore throat, mouth and tongue sores, swelling abscess, deep-rooted boil and sore.
Chemical constituentBile acid, Bile alcohol
(*C1):
Cholic acid, Deoxycholic acid, Chenodeoxycholic acidからなる胆汁酸/bile acid, 抱合型胆汁酸/conjugated bile acid

Amino acids
(*C1):
Alanine, Glycine, Taurine, Aspartic acid, Arginine, Leucine, Methionine

Porphyrin derivatives
(*C1):
Bilirubin, Biliverdin

Chemical structure



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Pharmacological effectHemopoiesis．hypercholeresis．sedation．Contraction of smooth muscles，antiinflammation（peptides），cardiotonic．
DNA sequenceU52355, AB016657, AF176811; Traditioal Medical & Parmaceutical Database.
Classical reference
(Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao")		※Click this image to see the actual image
DiseaseDisturbance of consciousness, High fever, Convulsion, Cervical lymphadenopathy, Lung suppurations, Appendicitis, Cancer, Pyogenic dermatosis, Swelling and pain of the throat, Stomatitis, Diphtheritic pharyngitis, Chronic hepatitis
FormulationRokushingan
ReferencesJP18: The 18th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
CP2020: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020 edi.
C1) The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. II, pp 270-273.
RemarksThe Chinese formation which contains Niuhuang are Liushen Pills, Niuhuang Qingxin Pills, Angong Niuhuang Pills, Zhibao Dan and Zixue Dan. When one takes Niuhuang, 0.1～0.5g is adequate for one dose. Though Niuhuang has a lesser effect of inducing resuscitation than Shexiang, it tends to remove toxic heat. Recently China has been substituting artificial one, which is made from the bile of cows or pigs, for Niuhuang.
Last renewal date2021/09/27
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