Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market name朝鮮大黄
Formal name大黄
Japanese nameだいおう, Daiō
Vernacular nameChaoxian Dahuang
Latin nameRhei Rhizoma (JP), Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (CP)
English nameRhubarb (JP), (CP)
Original plant name Rheum coreanum Nakai or other species of the same genus
Family namePolygonaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification rhizome
Production area informationNorth Korea
Collection informationJapan, Osaka Pref., Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd.
Collection date1971/04/12
TMPW No.422

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
Production area information
North Korea
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
34.6937378
135.50216509999996
Collection information
Japan,Osaka Pref.
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_nyu.png

Scientific information data base

Common name大黄, Dahuang, Rhei Rhizoma (JP), Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (CP), Rhubarb (JP), (CP)
Synonyms青海大黄, 西寧大黄, 甘粛大黄, 雅黄, 馬蹄大黄
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Original plant nameRheum palmatum Linn., Rheum tanguticum Maximowicz, Rheum officinale Baillon, Rheum coreanum Nakai, or their interspecific hybrids
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Family namePolygonaceae
Used partrhizome
Quality for selectionHigh-quality rhubarb is yellowish-brown in color, with clearly visible brocade-like patterns and star-like spots; it is heavy, firm in texture, has an oily quality, has a clean aroma, and becomes sticky when chewed. (NI)
Official compendiumJP XIX, CP (2025 edi.)
Clinical applicationRhubarb is a mild laxative, stomachic, and blood stasis–dispelling drug. In Kampo medicine, it is an essential remedy for eliminating toxin accumulation in excess-type patterns, promoting bowel movement, and treating abdominal pain due to retained food and constipation, as well as suppurative swelling
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine		Traditional
classification		Purgatives, cathartics
Beneficial effect[Property and Flavor] Cold; bitter.
[Meridian Tropism] Spleen, stomach, large intestine, liver and pericardium meridians.
[Actions] To remove accumulation with purgation, clear heat, purge fire, cool the blood, remove toxin, expel stasis, unblock the meridians, drain dampness to abate
jaundice.
[Indications] Accumulation, stagnation and constipation caused by excess heat, hematemesis caused by blood heat, red eyes and swollen throat, swelling abscess, deep-rooted boil and sore, abdominal pain caused by intestinal abscess, blood-stasis amenorrhea, postpartum stasis and obstruction, injuries from falls and fights, dampness-heat dysentery, jaundice and red urine, stranguria, edema; topical application for burn and scald.
Chemical constituentAnthraquinones
(*C1-C10):
Chrysophanol, Emodin, Rhein, Aloe-emodin, Physcion, Physcion-monoglucoside, Aloe-emodin-8-monoglucoside, Chrysophanol-1-monoglucoside, Emodin-monoglucoside, Rhein-8-monoglucoside, Sennidin A, Sennidin B, Sennidin C, Rheidin A, Rheidin B, Rheidin C, Palmidin A, Palmidin B, Palmidin C, Palmidin D, Sennoside A, Sennoside B, Sennoside C, Sennoside D, Sennoside E, Sennoside F, Dirhein, Anthrone, Chrysophanol anthrone, Rheinosides, 以下代謝物/followings are the metabolites 8-Glucosylrheinanthrone, Rheinanthrone, Sennidin A-8-monoglucoside, Sennidin B-8-monoglucoside, Sennidin B-8'-monoglucoside, Rhein dianthrone diglucoside

Tannins
(*C1):
Rhatannin I, Rhatannin II, Torachrysone 8-glucoside, 6-Hydroxymusizin, Lindleyin, Procyanidin B-1 3-O-gallate, (+)-Catechin, (-)-Epicatechin, Epicatechin gallate, Gallocatechin, Gallocatechin gallate, Glucogallin, 2'-O-Cinnamoylglucogallin, Gallic acid, Tetrarin
（その他/Others）:
(-)-Epicatechin 3-O-gallate, Procyanidin B-2 3,3'-di-O-gallate, RG-tannin
(*C11):
1,2,6-Trigalloyl-glucose, 3-O-Galloylprocyanidin B-1

Stilbenes
Sect.Rhapontica, Sect.Ribesifornia(*C1):
Rhaponticin, 3,5-Dihydroxy-4-methoxy stilbene glucoside, Piceid
(*C11):
3,5,4'-Trihydroxystilbene 4'-glucoside およびその/and its 6''-O-gallate

Naphthalenes
(*C11):
Torachrysone 8-glucoside, 6-Hydroxymusizin およびその/and its 6'-O-oxalate

Chemical structure





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Pharmacological effectCathartic [extract, rhubarb (dahuang) powder, sennoside A)]. Antibacterial (water extract, aloe-emodin), antifungal (catechin). Decreases urea nitrogen in the blood (rhatannin). Decreases MG level in the blood and the urine (water extract, epicatechin 3-O-gallate, procyanidin B-2 3,3'-di-O-gallate). antiinflammatory, analgesic (lindleyin). anticholera toxin.
DNA sequenceAF093392, AF094558, AF204860, M77702
Classical reference
(Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao")		※Click this image to see the actual image
DiseaseConstipation, Abdominal pain, High fever, Disturbance of consciousness, Diarrhea, Tenesmus, Full stomach, Chill, Red eye, Swelling and pain of the throat, Toothache, Nasal hemorrhage, Hematemesis, Appendicitis, Pyogenic dermatosis, Amenorrhea, Hyperemesis after childbirth
FormulationInchinkoto, Unpito, Otsujito, Kagawagedokuzai, Kagenryokakusan'ippo, Katsuketsugedokuto, Katsuketsusan'oto, Kamijokito, Kankyoto, Kanrento, Kanrendaioto, Kanrendaiokasekkoto, Kikyogedokuto, Kijitsushishidaioshito, Kijitsudaioto, Kippi-daio-bokusho-to, Kyoseihatekigan, Kumibinroto, Keishikashakuyakudaioto, Keishikadaioto, Keimeisan, Gohekiin, Kobokusammotsuto, Kowashakuyakuto, Gomotsudaioto, Saikokaryukotsuboreito, San'oshashinto, San'oshashinto (brewing), Shishidaioto, Shijunseiryoin, Shakukan'oshinbuto, Shakuyakuto, Shakuyakutokadaio, Shakuyakukanzobushidaioto, Sekishozuto, Shadojindaioto, Junchoto, Shogedokuto, Jingyobofuto, Seiinrikakuto, Daiokanzoto, Daiobushito, Daiobotampito, Daibyakuchuin, Jiohanho, Jishusabiho, Jidabokuippo, Jizusoippo, Jizutsuippo, Chuseito, Choijokito, Tsudosan, Tokakujokito, Toryuto, Naisoorento, Nyoshinsan, Hachimisenkiho, Hachimitaikaho, Binrojunkito, Bofutsushosan, Honposhakuyakuto, Ryokakusan, Ryokankyomishingeninoto, Rengyoto, Rengyoto, Compound Rhubarb and Sennna Powder, Fuinto
Related drugsTudahuang, Wadaio
ReferencesJP: The 19th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
CP: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2025 edi.
C1)The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. I, pp 16-20.
C2)Planta Med.,40,225(1980).
C3)Chem.Pharm.Bull.,30,1338(1982).
C4)J.Pharmaco-bio-Dyn.,8,800(1985).
C5)Chem.Pharm.Bull.,35,1998(1987).
C6)Pharmacology,36,172(1988).
C7)Appl.Envir.Microbiol.,60,1041(1994).
C8)Biol.Pharm.Bull.,19,701(1996).
C9)Biol.Pharm.Bull.,19,705(1996).
C10)Biol.Pharm.Bull.,19,136(1996).
C11)Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, pp 315-316.
RemarksThe active purgative constituents of rhubarb are sennosides. Sennoside A is metabolized by intestinal bacteria in the large intestine to form Rhein anthrone, which stimulates intestinal peristalsis and exerts a purgative effect.
Last renewal date2026/04/23
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