Crude drug sample data base

※Click on the image to enlarge it.
Crude drug name

Market name白芥子
Formal name芥子
Japanese nameがいし, Gaishi
Vernacular nameJiezi
Latin nameSinapis Semen (CP)
English nameMustard Seed (CP)
Original plant nameBrassica alba Boiss. (= Brassica hirta Moench), (Shirogarashi)
Family nameBrassicaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification seed
Collection informationHong Kong, Wing Tai Hong Medicine Co.,Ltd.
Collection date1972/12/00
CollectorTsuneo Namba
TMPW No.4265

Scientific information data base

Common name芥子, Jiezi, Sinapis Semen (CP2020), Mustard Seed (CP2020)
Synonyms白芥子, 黄芥子
crude drug image
More
※Click on the image to enlarge it.
Original plant name白芥子＜White Mustard Seed＞: Brassica alba (L.) Boiss. (= Brassica hirta Moench)1；黄芥子＜Yellow Mustard Seed＞: Brassica juncea Coss. (= B. juncea Czern.)2, (Shirogarashi1, Karashi2)
original plant image
※Click on the image to enlarge it.
Family nameBrassicaceae
Used partseed
Quality for selectionGood Jiezi is as pungent as possible when chewed. (TN) Baijiezi (Jap. name: Byakugaishi) is said to be of higher quality.
Official compendiumCP (2020 ed.)
Clinical applicationAs a stimulant, rubefacient and expectorant, jiezi, defatted and pasted with water, is applied for neuritis and pneumonia transdermally. It is widely used as a raw material for spice and volatile mustard oil.
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine		Traditional
classification		Expectorants
Beneficial effect[Property and Flavor] Warm; pungent.
[Meridian Tropism] Lung meridian.
[Actions] To warm the lung and sweep phlegm, disinhibit qi, dissipate binds and unblock the collaterals to relieve pain.
[Indications] Cough with cold-phlegm, distending pain in the chest and the hypochondrium, phlegm stagnation in meridians, joint numbness and pain, phlegm-dampness deep multiple abscess,yin flat-abscesses with swelling and toxin.
Chemical constituentFatty acids
(*C2):
脂肪油/fatty oil 30～35%:
Erucic acid, Arachidic acid, Linolenic acid

Phenylpropanoids
B. juncea (*C1,C2):
Sinapic acid, Sinapine,

Glucosinolate
B. hirta (*C1):
Sinalbin 2.5～5%.（酵素 myrosinase により p-Hydroxybenzoyl isothiocyanateを生成）
B. juncea (*C1):
Sinigrin（酵素 myrosinase により Allyl isothiocyanate を生成）
B. nigra (*C1):
Sinigrin 1～2.5% (同上)

Others
B. juncea (*C1,C2):
Myrosinase

Chemical structure

※画像をクリックすると、拡大して表示されます。
Pharmacological effectSkin and mucosal stimulation (mustard seed oil).
DNA sequenceAF264734, AF267640, M88342, AF128093, AF128094, D10840, X05060
Classical reference
(Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao")		※Click this image to see the actual image
DiseaseNeuralgia, Pneumonia, Sputum, Cough, Swelling and pain of joint
FormulationSeishitsuketanto, Haiyoto
Related drugsBlack Mustard Seed
ReferencesCP2020: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020 edi.
C1) The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. I, pp 232-233.
C2) Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, p 293.
Remarks Jiezi (Jap. name: Gaishi) had been listed in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia until 1971(8th revised edition). It defines the seed of B. juncea and congeners.
As a comprehensive term, Karashi, B. juncea (n=18), is amphidiploid, a natural cross between Aburana, B. rapa L (n=10), and Kurogarashi, B. nigra (L.) W. D. J. Koch (n=8). The place of its origin is said to be the Middle East or Central Asia.
In China, besides narrow-defined Karashi (var. juncea) which is the material for Jiezi, the following are also used as food.:
- Hakarashina (var. integrifolia Sinskaya or var. multisecta L. H. Bailey) is the pungent leaf or stem.
- Nekarashina (var. megarrhiza Tsen et Lee) is the root.
- Zāsai (var. tumida Tsen et Lee) is the swollen base of leaf-blade and petiole.
Kurogarashi is cultivated in the Middle East and Mediterranean region as a vegetable or medicinal plant like Karashi. The seed of Kurogarashi is called Kokugaishi.
Last renewal date2021/09/27
[close the window]