Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market name乾地黄
Formal name地黄
Japanese nameじおう, Jiō
Vernacular nameDihuang
Latin nameRehmanniae Radix (JP), (CP)
English nameRehmannia Root (JP, CP), Chinese Foxglove Root
Other names生地黄
Original plant nameRehmannia glutinosa Libosch., Kaikeijiō
Family nameScrophulariaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification tuberous root
Collection informationJapan, Osaka Pref., Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd.
Collection date1972/04/13
TMPW No.624

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative  
location of its administrative area is indicated.  
Production area information
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
34.6937378
135.50216509999996
Collection information
Japan,Osaka Pref.
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Scientific information data base

Common name地黄, Dihuang, Rehmanniae Radix (JP18), (CP2020), Rehmannia Root (JP18), (CP2020)
Synonyms乾地黄, 懐慶地黄, 生地黄, 生地
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Original plant nameRehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz var. purpurea Makino1 or Rehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz, (Akayajiō1)
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Family nameScrophulariaceae
Used partthickening root
Quality for selectionThe cortex of good Dihuang is grey and the inside is deep violet. It is enlarged. The taste is sweet with a faint bitterness. (NI)
Official compendiumJP XVIII, CP (2020 ed.)
Clinical applicationAs a tonifying and heat-clearing drug, for reducing heat in blood, nourishing blood, dihuang is applied for hematemesis, thirst and mental instability.
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine
Traditional
classification
Drugs for eliminating heat from blood
Beneficial effectUnprocessed Rehmannia Root:
[Property and Flavor] Cold; sweet.
[Meridian Tropism] Heart, liver and kidney.
[Actions] To clear heat, cool the blood, nourish yin and engender fluids.
[Indications] Heat entering nutrient-blood aspects, macula and papule caused by warm toxin; hematemesis damaging yin, crimson tongue, vexation and thirst, fluid comsumption, yin deficiency fever, steaming bone, consumptive fever, interior heat, and wasting-thirst.
Chemical constituentLipids
(*C1):
Cerebroside, Jio-cerebroside

Sugar
(*C1):
Manninotriose, Verbascose

Monosaccharides
(*C1):
D-Mannitol, D-Glucose, D-Fructose, D-Galactose

Oligosaccharides
(*C1):
Raffinose, Stachyose, Sucrose

Monoterpenoids
Iridoids:
(*C1):
Catalpol, Aucubin, Rehmannioside A, Rehmannioside B, Rehmannioside C, Rehmannioside D, Rehmaionoside A, Rehmaionoside B, Rehmaionoside C, Rehmaionoside D, Melittoside, Leonuride

Carotenoids & Vitamin A
(*C2):
Vitamin A

Sterols
(*C1):
Sitosterol

Phenol derivatives
(*C1):
Acteoside

Amino acids
(*C2):
Arginine

Others
(*C2):
鉄 [Fe]

Chemical structure


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Pharmacological effectHypoglycemic,cardiotonic,hypertensive,diuretic (extract). Cathartic and diuretic(catalpol).
DNA sequence Traditioal Medical & Parmaceutical Database.
Classical reference
(Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao")
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DiseaseFever, Thirst, Constipation, Sore throat, Hematemesis, Nasal hemorrhage, Hematuria, Hematochezia, Irregular vaginal bleeding, Bleeding, Internal bleeding, Polyposia
FormulationIshoho, Unseiin, Ekigento, Ekkiyoeito, Ogibekkoto, Odoto, Orenshodokuin, Kagenryokakusan, Kakkonkokato, Kamiuntanto, Kamisaikakujioto, Kamishimotsuto, Kamishoyosangoshimotsuto, Kamihachimyakusan, Kamihassento, Kanroin, Kikyoto, Kibanto, Kyukikyogaito, Kyukichoketsuin, Keigairengyoto, Keishigomotsuto, Keishitoninto, Goshajinkigan, Gomotsudaioto, Gorinsan, Saikakujioto, Saikoseikansan, Saikosokanto, Saikoyoeito, Sammotsuogonto, Jiinkokato, Shiinsen, Jijintsujito, Jijinmeimokuto (Jinkimeimouto), Shichikensan, Shichimotsukokato, Shimotsuto, Shaito, Shaito, Juzentaihoto, Jumizasan, Junchoto, Shojioto, Shoshinto, Shofusan, Jokinritsuansan, Jinkimeimokuto, Seiishakato, Seishinto, Seisoyoeito, Seinetsuhoketsuto, Seiryoin, Senkanmeimokuto, Sokeikakketsuto, Daibofuto, Jishusabiho, Choreitogoshimotsuto, Tokiinshi, Tokirokuoto, Dokkatsukakkonto, Dokkatsukiseito, Ninjin-yoei-to, Bakumondoinshi, Hachimigangoninjinto, Hachimijiogan, Hacchinto, Byakugokokinto, Bukuryhoshinto, Hointo, Boijioto, Hontonto, Mankeishisan, Ryutan-shakan-to, Ryutan-shakan-to, Renjuin, Rokumijiogan
Related drugsShudihuang, Xiandihuang (see "Remarks")
ReferencesJP18: The 18th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
CP2020: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020 edi.
C1) The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. I, pp 63-64.
C2) Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, p229.
RemarksDihuang which originates from Akayajiō (Jap. name) hardly has market value in Japan. In Nara Prefecture, only a few is cultivated in order to keep the lineage. Fukuchiyama No.1 has been developed by hybridization between "Kaiekeijiō" (Rehmannia glutinosa) and "Akayajiō" (Rehmannia glutinosa var. purpurea). In China, the fresh root of "Kaikeijiō" is called "Xiandihuang" and the dried root is called "Shengdihuang" (Jap. name: "Kanjiō"). "Shudihuang" is dried after steaming. "Shudihuang" is steamed with "Huangjiu", a kind of rice wine such as "Shaoxingjiu", or simply steamed. Then it is dried by daylight. This process, steaming and drying, is repeated 9 times. "Kanjiō" and "Shengdihuang" are applied for heat symptom complex as a drug to dispel pathogenic heat from blood. "Shudihuang" is applied for deficiency of vital energy as a drug for enriching the blood.
Last renewal date2022/10/12