Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market name半夏
Formal name半夏
Japanese nameはんげ, Hange
Vernacular nameBanxia
Latin namePinelliae Tuber (JP), Pinelliae Rhizoma (CP)
English namePinellia Tuber (JP, CP)
Original plant namePinellia ternata Breit., (Karasubishaku)
Family nameAraceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification tuber
Collection date1971/02/09
TMPW No.657

Scientific information data base

Common name半夏, Banxia, Pinelliae Tuber (JP18), Pinelliae Rhizoma (CP2020), Pinellia Tuber (JP18, CP2020)
Synonyms珍珠半夏
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Original plant namePinellia ternata Breitenbach, (Karasubishaku)
original plant image
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Family nameAraceae
Used parttuber (without periderm)
Quality for selectionGood banxias are big, white and similarly sized. Neither red, black or stiff one is good. (TN)
Official compendiumJP XVIII, CP (2020 ed.)
Clinical applicationAs a tranquilizer and expectorant, for relieving vomiting, banxia is applied for nausea with water retention in the stomach followed by ascension of qi, vomiting, cough, palpitation, dazzling, headache, acute intestinal catarrh, hyperemesis and insomnia.
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine		Traditional
classification		Expectorants
Beneficial effect[Property and Flavor] Warm; pungent; toxic.
[Meridian Tropism] Spleen, stomach and lung meridians.
[Actions] To dry dampness, resolve phlegm, downbear counterflow, stop vomiting, disperse stuffiness and dissipate bind.
[Indications] Dampness-phlegm, cold-phlegm, panting, cough, profuse sputum, dizziness caused by phlegm-fluid retention, dizziness caused by wind-phlegm, phlegm syncope, headache, vomiting, regurgitation, chest and epigastric stuffiness and fullness, globus hystericus; topically for swelling abscess and phlegm nodule.
Chemical constituentLipids
セロブロシド [Cerebroside]（1-O-glucosyl-N-2'-acetoxy palmytoyl-4,8-sphingodienineを主とする脂質）

Other aliphatic and related compounds
(*C1):
粘液物質 [mucilaginous substance], Ca-oxalate

Monosaccharides
(*C1):
D-Glucose, Glucuronic acid, L-Rhamnose

Polysaccharides
(*C1):
デンプン [starch], 高分子多糖 [macromolecular polysaccharide]

Triterpenoids
(*C1):
Triterpenoid

Sterols
(*C1):
beta-Sitosterol, beta-Sitosteryl glucoside

Other aromatic compounds
(*C1,C2):
Homogentisic acid, Homogentisic acid glucoside, 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde diglucoside

Amino acids
(*C1,C2):
Arginine, Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid, Serine, Glycine

Alkaloids
(*C1,C2):
l-Ephedrine (微量 [a tiny amount])

Other nitrogen compounds
(*C1):
Choline

Others
(*C1):
無機質 [mineral]

Chemical structure

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Pharmacological effectAntiemetic (decoction), stimulation of salivation (decoction: increase in early stage, decrease in later stage). Antitussive (decoction). Suppression of stomach ulcer (water extract). Antiinflammatory (water extract). Antiallergic.
DNA sequence Traditioal Medical & Parmaceutical Database.
Classical reference
(Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao")		※Click this image to see the actual image
DiseaseCough, A lot of sputum, Nausea, Vomitting, Feeling of pressure in the chest, Vertigo, Palpitation, Insomnia, Headache, Esogastritis, Acute gastritis, Hyperemesis gravidarum
FormulationUnkeito, Untanto, Eppikahangeto, En'nenhangeto, Ogibekkoto, Ogonkahangeshokyoto, Orento, Kaikyushokushoto, Kagenshosaikoto, Kashokuyohito, Kakkoshokisan, Kakkonkahangeto, Kabinto, Kamiuntanto, Kamishokankyoto, Kamihassento, Karoto, Kankyoninjinhangegan, Kanzuihangeto, Kanzoshashinto, Kanchuto, Kippihangeto, Kumisaikoto, Kumihangeto, Kosharikkunshito, Kochinmuyusan, Kobokushokyohangekanzoninjinto, Kobokumaoto, Goshakusan, Saikatsugekito, Saikanto, Saikokaboshoto, Saikokaryukotsuboreito, Saikokeishito, Saikoshimotsuto, Saishakurikkunshito, Saibokuto, Saireito, Shisoshito, Shahito, Shahitokaryukotsuboreito, Junkiwachuto, Shokankyoto, Shokyoshashinto, Shosaikoto, Shosaikotokaorenbukuryo, Shosaikotokakikyosekko, Shosaikogohangekobokuto, Shoseiryuto, Shoseiryukasekkoto, Shoseiryugomakyokansekito, Shobaishashinto, Shohangeto, Shohangekabukuryoto, Shohito, Jokinritsuansan, Jin'en'ippo, Jinsoin, Seishitsuketanto, Senkonto, Sempukukataishasekito, Soshikokito, Daisaikoto, Daihangeto, Danrito, Chikujountanto, Chikuyosekkoto, Jizutsuippo, Chimobukuryoto, Chuseito, Chokoshiteito, Chokobukuryoto, Chotosan, Teizento, Tokito, Tokibyakujutsusan, Tokibyakujutsuto, Nijutsuto, Nichinto, Haikanpo, Bakumondoto, Hangesanryo, Hangekankyosan, Hangeto, Hangekobokuto, Hangekobokushichimotsuto, Hangeshashinto, Hangebyakujutsutemmato, Bushikobeito, Bunshinkiin, Henseishinkiin, Hontonto, Hontonto, Hontonto, Hontonto, Hontonbukuryoto, Yakammaoto, Yokukansankachinpihangeto, Yokukansankachinpihangeto, Rikakuto, Rikkunshito, Ryokankyomishingeto, Ryokankyomishingeninto, Ryokankyomishingeninoto, Ryokito, Rokuutsuto, Rokumotsuogonto, Fukankinshokisanryo
Related drugsShuibanxia, the tuber of Typhonium sp. (see "Remarks")
ReferencesJP18: The 18th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia.
CP2020: Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China 2020 edi.
C1) The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. I, pp 45-47.
C2) Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, p 327.
Remarks"Banxia (半夏)" is sometimes used after being processed. Processed "Banxia" consists of "Fabanxia (法半夏)" and "Jiangbanxia (姜半夏)". "Fabanxia (法半夏)" is processed with "Gancao (glycyrrhiza/liquorice)" and burnt lime. It is often used for eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm. "Jiangbanxia (姜半夏)" is processed with "Shengjiang (fresh ginger)" and alum. It is often used for lowering the adverse flow of qi to stop vomiting. In rare cases, the tuber of Pinellia pedatisecta Schott, P. tripartita Schott (Jap. name: Ōhange) or Arisaema spp. are blended into Chinese Banxia in the market. "Shuy-banxia (水半夏)" is the tuber of Typhonium sp.
Last renewal date2021/09/27
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