Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | 海人草 |
|---|---|---|
| Formal name | 海人草 | |
| Japanese name | かいにんそう, Kaininsō | |
| Vernacular name | Kaininsō | |
| Latin name | Digenea (JP) | |
| English name | Digenea (JP) | |
| Original plant name | Digenea simplex C. Agardh, (Makuri) | |
| Family name | Rhodomelaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | algae |
| Collection information | Japan, Osaka Pref. , Shinwa Bussan Co., Ltd. | |
| Collection date | 1970/12/23 | |
| TMPW No. | 7593 | |
The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative
location of its administrative area is indicated.
location of its administrative area is indicated.
Production area information
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34.6937378
135.50216509999996
Collection information
Japan,Osaka Pref.
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Scientific information data base
| Common name | 海人草, Kaininsō, Digenea (JP18), Digenea (JP18) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Synonyms | マクリ | |||||
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| Original plant name | Digenea simplex C. Agardh, (Makuri) | |||||
| Family name | Rhodomelaceae | |||||
| Used part | whole algae | |||||
| Quality for selection | Good Digenea is blue-green and has long branchs. The contamination of other algae, shells and sand should be as little as possible. (TN) | |||||
| Official compendium | JP XVIII | |||||
| Clinical application | As a lumbricide, usually, Digenea is used as decoction (10 : 100) with a catharsis such as dahuang. It is a raw material for kainic acid. | |||||
| Medical system | Traditional Chinese medicine | |||||
| Drug effect in traditional medicine | Traditional classification | Anthelmintics | ||||
| Chemical constituent | Other aliphatic and related compounds (*C1): butyric acid, formic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid Sugar (*C1): D-Glyceric acid, alpha-Mannoside Amino acids (*C1): alpha-Kainic acid, alpha-Allokainic acid, Arginine, Aspartic acid, Glycine, Glutamic acid, Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Phenylalanine, Valine Peptide (*C1): Proline-glutamic acid, Proline-hydroxyproline-lysine | |||||
| Chemical structure |  
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| Pharmacological effect | Digenea causes tonic convulsion and loss of motor coordination. Locomotor activity, respiratory depression, brief fall in blood pressure (extract). Central nervous system excitation (high dose of kainic acid). | |||||
| DNA sequence | AJ001831, AJ001832, AJ001833 | |||||
| Disease | Roundworm | |||||
| Formulation | Kainic Acid and Santonin Powder | |||||
| References | JP18: The 18th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. C1)The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. II, pp 236-238. | |||||
| Remarks | - In Japan, Shakosai was called Makuri in Edo period. However, Shakosai as we know it today is not Makuri. Shakosai is the whole body of Caloglossa leprieurii (Mont.) J. Agardh of family Delesseriaceae. It has the same vermicidal effect as Makuri. - Makuri is blended into the vermicidal Kampo formulations such as Shakoyasai-to and Seikiankai-to. - The kainic acid content in 10g of the crude drug is from 16mg (produced in Taiwan) to 18mg (produced in Okinawa). The alpha-all-okainic acid content is 1/100～1/500 of alpha-kainic acid, so it is not a very strong prasiticide. - Recently, an algae which was called Domoi in Tokunoshima district, Kagoshima Prefecture has gained attention, because it has been said to have a stronger vermicidal effect than Makuri since ancient times. Thus, a vermicidal component, domoic acid was discovered from it. Domoi is Chondria armata (Kutzing) Okamura of family Rhodomelaceae (Jap. name: Hanayanagi), which is found in a wide range of habitat such as along the Sea of Japan, Polynesia, East Indies and Indian Ocean. - Some part of Kainic acid and domoic acid have the same structure as glutamic acid and so they have been noticed by neulopharmacology. | |||||
| Last renewal date | 2021/09/27 | |||||
