Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market name天麻
Formal name天麻
Japanese nameてんま, Temma
Vernacular nameTianma
Latin nameGastrodiae Tuber (JP), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (CP)
English nameGastrodia Tuber (JP), Tall Gaastrodia Tuber (CP)
Original plant nameGastrodia elata Blume, (Oninoyagara)
Family nameOrchidaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification tuber
Production area informationPeople's Republic of China, Hubei Prov.
Collection informationPeople's Republic of China, Wuhan, Trade Center of Chinese drug, Wuhan
Collection date1987/11/10
CollectorXuan Wang
TMPW No.7795

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
30.592849
114.30553899999995
Production area information
People's Republic of China,Hubei Prov.
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
30.592849
114.30553899999995
Collection information
People's Republic of China,Wuhan
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_nyu.png

Scientific information data base

Common name天麻, Tianma, Gastrodiae Tuber (JP18), Gastrodiae Rhizoma (CP2020), Gastrodia Tuber (JP18), Tall Gastrodia Tuber (CP2020)
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Original plant nameGastrodia elata Blume, (Oninoyagara)
original plant image
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Family nameOrchidaceae
Used parttuber (without cortex)
Quality for selectionGood Tianma is preferably large and shaped like a gourd or foot. It is yellowish-white and transparent. (NI)
Official compendiumJHMC (1989), CP (2020 ed.), JP XVIII
Clinical applicationAs a tranquilizer and antispasmodic, Tianma is applied for headache, dizziness, hysteria, epilepsy, hemiplegia, convulsion of limbs, general pain and arthralgia due to rheumatism.
Medical systemTraditional Chinese medicine
Drug effect in
traditional medicine		Traditional
classification		Anticonvulsives
Beneficial effect[Property and Flavor] Neutral; sweet.
[Meridian Tropism] Liver meridian.
[Actions] To extinguish wind to arrest convulsions, pacify and repress the liver yang, dispel wind and unblock the collaterals.
[Indications] Infantile convulsion, epilepsy, convulsions, tetanus, headache and dizziness, paralyzed limbs, numbness of the limbs, painful impediment caused by wind-dampness.
Chemical constituentVitamin A derivatives (Retinoids)
(*C1):
Vitamin A様物質/ Vitamin A like substances

Phenol derivatives
(*C1,C2):
Vanillyl alcohol, Vanillin

Chemical structure

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Pharmacological effectAntispasm.
DNA sequenceTraditioal Medical & Parmaceutical Database.
Classical reference
(Chinese Herbal Classic "Zhenglei bencao")		※Click this image to see the actual image
DiseaseVertigo, Headache, Stagger, Nausea, Vomitting, Convulsion, Swelling and pain of joint, Numbness, Feeling of heavy and dull, Numbness, Conversion
FormulationHangebyakujutsutemmato
ReferencesC1)The Encyclopedia of Wakan-Yaku with Color Pictures Vol. I, pp 15-16.
C2)Outline of Pharmacognosy, a Textbook, p 321.
RemarksGastrodia elata Blume (Jap. name: Oninoyagara) grows naturally in Japan. However, it is not produced for commercial purpose. The fake one, which is the dried Solanum tuberosum L. (Jap. name: Jagaimo) is circulated in the market under the name "Yang-Tianma" or "Gui-Tianma". Therefore, care should be taken.
Last renewal date2021/09/27
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