Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market nameLempuyang
Formal nameLempuyang
Other namesJava: lempuyang (Javanese), lampuyang (Sundanese), lampojang (Madurese) [204]
English nameWild ginger
Original plant nameZingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm.
Family nameZingiberaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification rhizome
Production area informationRepublic of Indonesia, Central Java Province
Collection informationRepublic of Indonesia, East Java Province, Pasar pabean
Collection date2010/09/17
CollectorKatsuko Komatsu, et al.
TMPW No.27145

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
-7.0051453
110.43812539999999
Production area information
Republic of Indonesia,Central Java Province
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-7.2574719
112.75208829999997
Collection information
Republic of Indonesia,East Java Province
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Scientific information data base

Crude drug nameIndonesian name,
English name		Lempuyang, Wild ginger
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Original plant nameZingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm.
Family nameZingiberaceae
Used partRhizome
Distribution areaIn Java, Zingiber amaricans is cultivated and also grows wild;
Z. aromaticum is cultivated; Z. zerumbet is cultivated [204].
DescriptionLempuyang has 3 varieties :
 1. Zingiber amaricans: Indonesia: lampuyang pahit (Sundanese); lempuyang pait (Javanese); lempuyang emprit (Javanese).
 2. Z. aromaticum: Indonesia: lampuyang wangi (Sundanese); lempuyang wangi (Javanese); lampojang ruum (Madurese)
 3. Z. zerumbet: Indonesia: lempuyang gajah (Javanese); lempuyang kapur (Javanese), lempuyang kebo (Javanese).

The rhizome is tuberous, aromatic, pale to brighter yellow inside. Leaf sheath sparsely hairy; ligule entire; papery, scarious; blade broadly lanceolate, apex acuminate. Inflorescence a cylindrical to ovoid spike, apex obtuse; 10-30 cm long, sheath green; corolla lemon yellow in color. Fruit a cylindrical capsule, 1.5 cm long, red. The rhizome is thicker, more bitter and less aromatic than Zingiber officinalis. The rhizome of Z. amaricans has a sharp and bitter taste, but no aroma. Z. aromaticum has a sharp and bitter taste and a pleasant aroma. The rhizome of Z. zerumbet is aromatic, but has a less agreeable odour and taste than Z. aromaticum:.
 - Zingiber amaricans: spikes ellipsoidal, 1.7-2 times longer than wide, apex rounded, bracts with involute apex, occurring wild and cultivated.
 - Z. aromaticum: spike ovoid, 2-2.5 times longer than wide, apex acute, bracts with flat apex, occurring wild and cultivated.
 - Z. zerumbet: spikes subglobose, 1.5-1.7 times longer than wide, apex rounded, bracts with flat apex, occurring wild and cultivated [204].
Frequency in useAbundant
Pharmacological effectZerumbone isolated from Zingiber zerumbet is reported to inhibit the growth of Micrococus pyogenes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Zerumbone epoxide has an in vitro cytotoxic activity against tumour cells but little activity against normal fibroblasts [204].

Zerumbone is an active principal of Zingiber zerumbet and is potentially a lead compound for the development of anticancer drug [PMID:15770541]]

5-hydroxyzerumbone and zerumboneoxide were isolated from the rhizomes ofZingiber zerumbet and found to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells with IC50 values of 14.1 and 23.5 microM, respectively [PMID:15997145].

Zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet might have been suggested to have chemopreventive ability, through suppression of cyclooxygenase expression, cell proliferating activity of colonic mucosa, and induction of phase II detoxification enzymes in the development of carcinogen-induced aberrant crypt foci [PMID:11693274].
Medical systemIndonesian medicine (Jamu)
Traditional usageRhizomes are used as a spice. It is used as a stimulant for mucous membrane of the stomach and bowel; it is also used against diarrhoea/diarrhea, dysentery, stomachache, applied externally to relieve pain [204].

- Zingiber amaricans: the rhizome and young flower are eaten raw as ''lalab'', which is reported to be depurative and can cure sprue [204].
- Z. aromaticum: fresh shoots are eaten as a vegetable; young ends of rhizomes are consumed raw as ''lalab''. It is used in Java to treat biliousness, chlorosis and whooping cough [204].
- Z. zerumbet: rhizome juice or decoctions are reported to be used against biliousness, gall stones, ulcers, rash and languor, to increase appetite [204].

A mixture of 1 tablespoon of juice of Zingiber amaricans and 1 tablespoon of juice of Zingiber aromaticum is drunk 3 times a day is used as an appetite stimulant after suffering from a severe stomach problem [201].
Zingiber aromaticum is also used as an ingredient in liniment [201].
Formulation- Zingiber amaricans:
1) Diarrhoea/diarrhea:
 - Ingredients:
  1 piece of rhizome (size of an adult thumb) is stirred fried
  1 piece of fresh rhizome (size of an adult thumb)
  7 pieces of fennel seeds
  1 piece of Alyxia reinwardtii bark (size of an adult thumb)
  3 pieces of Helicteres isora fruits
  1 piece of onion stirred fried
  1 fresh onion
  3 pieces of Parkia biglobosa seeds
 - Preparation: mix and pound all ingredients, add 100 ml of water and steamed for 15 minutes. Strain. Drink one tablespoon of the juice twice a day for 3 days [231].

- Z. aromaticum:
1) Stomachache (for children with symptoms: loss of appetite, nausea, flatulence):
 2 pieces of rhizome (size of an adult thumb), 3 onions are boiled with 110 ml of water. Stand to cool and strain. Drink 2 tablespoons of the infusion twice a day (morning and evening) for 4 days [231].

- Z. zerumbet:
1) Stomachache:
 Piece of rhizome (size of an adult thumb) is grated, add 2 tablespoon of water and squeezed. Keep the juice overnight, pour the liquid part of the juice the next morning and drink. Repeat for 4 days [231].
SubstituteIt is used as an adulterant of Z. officinale [204].
ReferencesReference book　

Tips！

[201] K. Heyne, Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia, Vols. 1-4, 1987. Diedarkan Oleh Koperasi Karyawan Departemen Kehutanan, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Vol. 1, p 568.

[204] de Guzman, C.C. and Siemonsma, J.S. (Editors), 1999. Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 13 Species. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands.
pp 233-238.

[216] Kamus nama tanaman obat Indonesia (Dictionary of Indonesian medicinal plants): Latin - Indonesia (local names).
p 175.

[231] Soedibyo, Mooryati: Alam Sumber Kesehatan: Manfaat dan Kegunaan (Natural resources for health. Benefits and uses). Balai Pustaka. 1998.
pp 245-248.

Research paper1. Jang DS, Min HY, Kim MS, Han AR, Windono T, Jeohn GH, Kang SS, Lee SK, Seo EK. Humulene derivatives from Zingiber zerumbet with the inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 53(7):829-31, 2005. (PMID: 15997145)

2. Huang GC, Chien TY, Chen LG, Wang CC. Antitumor effects of zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet in P-388D1 cells in vitro and in vivo. Planta Med., 71(3):219-24, 2005. (PMID: 15770541)

3. Tanaka T, Shimizu M, Kohno H, Yoshitani S, Tsukio Y, Murakami A, Safitri R, Takahashi D, Yamamoto K, Koshimizu K, Ohigashi H, Mori H. Chemoprevention of azoxymethane-induced rat aberrant crypt foci by dietary zerumbone isolated from Zingiber zerumbet. Life Sci., 7;69(16):1935-45, 2001. (PMID: 11693274)
Last renewal date2024/03/11
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