Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market nameBaroja
Formal nameSrivestaka
Other names　　　

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Birozaa, Chir (T), Birozaa, Sarala (H), Tiruvattappasa (M), Saralapisunu (Te), Simai devadaripishin (Ta)
English nameCalophony, Chirpine, Himalayan Long-leaved Pine
Original plant namePinus roxburghii Sargent, Calophony, Chirpine, Himalayan Long-leaved Pine
Family namePinaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification resin
Collection informationIndia, New Delhi, Hans Raj & Sons
Collection date1991/05/07
CollectorTsuneo Namba, et al.
TMPW No.12043

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
Production area information
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28.6139391
77.20902120000005
Collection information
India,New Delhi
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Scientific information data base

Crude drug nameAyurvedic name or
Sanskrit name, English name		Sarala (Gum), Calophony, Chirpine, Himalayan Long-leaved Pine
SynonymsDvipavrksa, Maricapatraka, Snehadaru, Snigdhadaru, Putidaru, Suradaru, Snehakastha, Snigdhakastha, Putikastha, Sukasthaka, Pida, Protadrumakhya, Pitavrksa, Surabhidaruka, Cida, Putidruma, Dipavrksa, Maricapatraka
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Original plant namePinus roxburghii Sargent
Family namePinaceae
Used partWood, oleo resin, oil
Distribution areaFound in the Himalayas from Kashmir to Bhutan and in the Siwalik hills at 450-2400m, also planted in the gardens in the plains.
RemarksCommon.
Common usesResin (Biroza) is aromatic, stimulant, stomachic and useful in the treatment of diarrhoea/diarrhea and dysentery, burning sensation of the body, ulceration and gonorrhoea/gonorrhea. Externally resin is applied as a plaster on abscesses for suppuration. The turpentine oil from the oleo resin is used in medicine in the name of oleum terebinthinae. Most of the therapeutic action of the oil may be attributed to its local irritant action. It is also feebly antiseptic. During its elimination through the mucous membrane of the lungs it acts as an expectorant and is useful in chronic bronchitis and is especially recommended in the treatment of gangrenes of the lungs. It has been used to arrest minor haemorrhages/hemorrhages in tooth sockets and nose. In the form of enema the oil is useful in obstinate constipation, tympanitis and seat worm infestations. Externally it is used as a rubefacient in various rheumatic affections, such as lumbago, arthritis and neuralgia. In the form of turpentine stupe, it is used as a counter irritant in various deep seated inflammations especially of the abdomen.
Therapeutic usesKarnasula (earache), Svarabhramsa (voice impairment), Vrana (wounds), Tvakdosa (skin diseases), Kandu (itching), Yuka (lice), Kasa (cough)
Chemical constituent
- Oleo resin yields turpentine oil. About 40kg of oleo resin yields on an average about 8.0 litres of first grade turpentine, 1.0-1.5 litres of other grades and 29-30kg of rosin, i.e. average yield of turpentine oil is about 22% and that of rosin is about 75% of the oleo resin.

- Average composition of turpentine oil is: alpha-pinene 20-30, beta-pinene 5-10, delta-3-carene 55-65 and longifolene and other terpenes 2-10%.

- Presence of beta-longifolene, beta-carene and longicyclene has also been reported.

- Rosin consists of mainly of a mixture of acids partly in the form of anhydrides the principal acid is abeitic acid. On destructive distillation rosin yields rosin spirit or pinolene and 80-85% rosin oil.

Medical systemAyurveda (Traditional Indian medicine)
Traditional conceptRasa (Taste)Katu (Pungent), Tikta (Bitter), Madhura (Sweet)
Virya (Potency)Usna (Hot)
Guna (Quality)Snigdha (Unctuous), Laghu (Light), Tiksna (Sharp)
Vipaka
(Post digestive taste)		Katu (Pungent)
Karma
(General action)		Raksohara (Protective), Kosthasuddhida (clearing the intestinal tract)
Dosakarma
(Action on dosa)		Decreases Kapha Vata
Avayava
(Action on organ)		Karna (ear), Kantha (throat), Aksi (eye)
Traditional usage1. Wound should be fumigated with Srivestaka (gum of Pinus roxburghii), Sarjarasa (Vateria indica), Sarala (Pinus roxburghii), Devadaru (Cedrus deodara) and other heartwoods.

2. "Dipika taila" (a formulation) by extraction should be obtained from the wood of Devadaru, Kustha (Saussurea lappa) and Sarala which removes earache.

3. Oil of Devadaru and Sarala are useful as anthelmintics.

4. Paste of Pippali (Piper longum), Pippalimula (root of Piper longum), Sarala and Devadaru should be taken with honey for "Urustambha" (a type of arthritis).
CommentsSnehadaru, Snigdhadaru, Snehakastha, Snigdhakastha, refer to the unctuous nature of the stem (Oily).

Putikastha, Putidaru, Surabhidaruka, Putidruma refer to the smell.

This is included in the Purisa virajaniya gana of Caraka and Eladi of Susruta.
ReferencesReference book　

Tips！

[2] Indian Medicinal Plants - A Compendium of 500 species, Varier, P.S., Orient Longman Ltd. Chennai (Madras)
Vol. 4 (Repr.1997), pp 273-276.

Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, 1956. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi. - New Edition (1996) National Institute Science Communication; Supplement
pp 193-194.

Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi
p 342.

Plants in Ayurveda (A Compendium of Botanical and Sanskrit Names), 1997. Abdul Kareem, M., Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore
1287.

Dravyagunavijnana, Vols. 1-5, reprint 1998. Sharma, P.V., Chowkhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi
Vol. 2, pp 308-311.

Classical uses of Medicinal Plants, 1996. Sharma, P.V., Chaukhambha Visvabharati, Varanasi
p 385.

Last renewal date2024/01/15
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