Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Anar-dana |
|---|---|---|
| Urudu name | Anar dana | |
| Arabic name / Persian name | Rumman / Anar sherein | |
| English name | Pomegranate | |
| Original plant name | Punica granatum Linn., Pomegranate | |
| Family name | Punicaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | seed |
| Collection information | Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Karachi [Karachi], Sind , Amjad Unani Medicine (Pvt.) Ltd. | |
| Collection date | 1994/1/22 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba | |
| Identifier | Javed Ahmad | |
| Description | Features: A small tree with dark grey bark. Leaves oblong. Flowers bright red, very showy. Fruit is a spherical, somewhat flattened and obscurely six sided berry of orange size, crowned by the thick tubular 5 to 9 toothed calyx. When cut, oblong and many-sided grains are found crowded on thick spongy placenta. The grains are acidic-sweetish having red juicy pulp, surrounded the elongated angular seed. Odourless and taste - astringent. | |
| TMPW No. | 14421 | |
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Production area information
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25.0700428
67.2847875
Collection information
Islamic Republic of Pakistan,Karachi [Karachi], Sind
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Urudu name, English name | Anar dana, Pomegranate | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic name / Persian name | Rumman / Anar sherein | ||||
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| Original plant name | Punica granatum Linn. | ||||
| Family name | Punicaceae | ||||
| Used part | Dried seeds | ||||
| Distribution area | A shrub or small tree, native to Iran but now cultivated throughout India. Seeds are edible. Kandhari Anar is obtained from Afghanistan. | ||||
| Description | Pomegranate is described in Unani literature under three major varieties viz. (1) Sweet pomegranate, (2) Sour pomegranate and (3) Sour-sweet pomegranate. Kandhari pomegranate is very tasty, sweet, reddish and juicy. Some pomegranate plants do not bear fruits. The flowers of such plants are called ''Gulnar''. These are also used medicinally. The nutrient content of these fruits, though less in quantity, but is of high quality. | ||||
| Function and properties | Cosmetics, Head, Chest, Stomach, Ulcers, Fevers, Food, Excretion. All types have astringent, refrigerant, styptic, stomachic, antidiarrhoeal/antidiarrheal and anthelmintic activities. Juice is also referred as tonic for body and heart. Juice is also good for eyesight. | ||||
| Specific actions | Detergent, astringent, anthelmintic (and antibilious for persons having hot temperament). | ||||
| Frequency in use | Cultivated in gardens at a large scale. | ||||
| Common uses | (1) Sweet pomegranate: It is tonic for heart and liver and for producing good quality of blood. It is diuretic, quenches thirst and good for those having hot temperament. It gives strength to vital organs and its juice is effective against diarrhoea/diarrhea, haemorrhage/hemorrhage, piles and haemoptysis/hemoptysis. (2) Sour pomegranate: The juice of the seeds of this variety is sour. It is cold and dry in second degree. It is constipative, tonic to heart, liver and stomach. It is mainly used as an antibilious, stops nausea and vomiting and it brings urine frequently. Diarrhoea/diarrhea is relieved following its use. (3) Sour-sweet pomegranate: Its juice is sour-sweet in taste. It is cold and moist in moderate degree. This is known as Kandhari pomegranate. It is superior than others. It is also tonic to heart and liver. It is similar that of sweet variety but is more effective medicinally. It is good for individuals with bilious temperament. It is also used for curing jaundice. It stops hiccup and imparts strength to the stomach. Its extract is kept over heat so as to make it desirably concentrated, its application within the eyes is useful for increasing eyesight. Juice of this variety is widely used as cooling refrigerant, given in dyspepsia and fever, dysentery, haemorrhages/hemorrhages, leucorrhoea/leucorrhea and against tapeworms. ----- Cosmetics: Pomegranate seeds are painted with honey on whitlow. Head: Rumman with honey is useful in odontalgia and otalgia. Eye: The extract of sour pomegranate with honey is useful in pterygium. Chest: The seeds of pomegranate if taken orally with rainwater, stop haemoptysis/hemoptysis. All the varieties benefit in cases of palpitation and 'cleanse' the heart. Stomach: Powdered seeds of pomegranate are mixed with honey and painted for beneficial effects in stomatitis. Ulcers: The seeds of pomegranate are painted with honey on malignant ulcers and their calyx, particularly in burnt form, are applied to the wounds. Fevers: Pomegranate with a sourish taste is useful in hot fevers and feeling of burning in the stomach. Food: It is considered better to take it before meals. Excretion: Both the sweet and sour varieties are diuretic. The seeds of pomegranate with honey are useful in anal ulcers. | ||||
| Side effect | The sour pomegranate causes roughness in the chest and throat. Sour variety is harmful for the stomach; particularly its seeds are not suitable for this organ. The sour variety is harmful for the anus and intestines. The sweet variety is generally harmful to the patients of hot fevers. Long term use may produce cramps in legs with giddiness, dimness of eyesight and numbness of the limbs. | ||||
| Medical system | Unani | ||||
| Traditional concept | Temperament | It is cold and moist in the first degree. | |||
| Drug effect | Detergent, astringent, anthelmintic (and antibilious for persons having hot temperament). | ||||
| Dosage | Pomegranate juice 24 gm to 60 gm. | ||||
| Substitute | The seeds are substitute for pericarp and vice versa. | ||||
| Corrigent (corrective) | Hanzal (Citrullus vulgaris Schrad.) and Ailva (Aloe spp.). | ||||
| Important compound preparations | Sherbat-Anar, Jawarish-`Anarain and Jawarish-Podinah. | ||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | Avicenna's Tract on Cardiac Drugs and Essays on Arab Cardiotherapy, 1983. Hameed, H. A. Hamdard Foundation Press, Karachi. p 54. Makhzanul-Mufradat (Khawasul Adviyah), Hakeem Kabiruddin, Daftar Al-Masih, Qarol Bagh, Delhi. pp 91-93. Dictionary of Economic Plants in India, 1996 (2nd Rep.). Singh, U; Wadhwani, A. M. and Johri B.M. Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. p 187. Al-Qanun Fil-Tibb. Avicenna. (English translation of the critical Arabic text), Book 2, 1998. Hameed, H. A. (editor), Dept. of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi. pp 228-229. Hamdard Pharmcopoeia of Eastern medicine, 1969. Said, H. M. (editor), The Times Press, Sadar Karachi. pp 80, 119. Indusyunic Medicine, 1997. Usmanghani, K., Saeed, A. and Alam, M. T. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi. pp 366-368. Unani Adwiyah Mufradah, 1984. Ali, Saifuddin, A. (3rd edi.). Taraqi-e-Urdu Bureau, R. K. Puram, New Delhi. pp 46-47. | |||
| Remarks | Avicenna (Ibn Sina) has included pomegranate in the list of sixty-three drugs for cardiac ailments. According to him the sweet variety is moderate in temperament. It agrees with the temperament of the pneuma, particularly that is in the liver. Pericarp (Post-Anar) and root bark (Post Bekh-Anar) of the plant constitute separate crude drugs. These are used in powder forms for various other purposes. Gulnar, an abortive flower, its powder is useful in prolapsus ani. | ||||
| Last renewal date | 2024/02/22 | ||||
