Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Katira |
|---|---|---|
| Urudu name | Katira | |
| Arabic name / Persian name | Samagh al-qatad, Kathira / Katira-i-hindi | |
| English name | Torch wood tree, Yellow flowered cotton | |
| Original plant name | Cochlospermum religiosum (L.) Alston syn. Cochlospermum gossypium DC., Torch wood tree, Yellow flowered cotton | |
| Family name | Bixaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | gum |
| Collection information | Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Karachi [Karachi], Sind , Amjad Unani Medicine (Pvt.)Ltd. | |
| Collection date | 1994/1/22 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba | |
| Identifier | Javed Ahmad | |
| Description | Features: A small tree, upto 5m high. Bark smooth, ash-coloured. The gum is sweetish, yellowish white in colour and is characterised by giving off acetic acid, reognised by smell on opening a bottle containing the gum. This gum also absorbs large quantities of water with consequent swelling. The gum obtained from the trunk. | |
| TMPW No. | 14071 | |
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Production area information
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25.0700428
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Collection information
Islamic Republic of Pakistan,Karachi [Karachi], Sind
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Urudu name, English name | Katira, Torch wood tree, Yellow flowered cotton | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic name / Persian name | Samagh al-qatad, Kathira / Katira-i-hindi | |||
| crude drug image |
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| Original plant name | Cochlospermum religiosum (L.) Alston syn. Cochlospermum gossypium DC. | |||
| Family name | Bixaceae | |||
| Used part | Gum | |||
| Distribution area | A small tree, native to India; occurring in the dry forests of the country. It is distributed in Garhwal, Bihar, Orissa, Bengal, Central India, Madras, especially on stony hills, but less common on W. Coast. | |||
| Description | The colour of the gum ranges from whitish to yellow, not fully transparent, it swells up in water but is not diluted in water like gum acacia. The gum is sweetish and cooling. | |||
| Function and properties | Cosmetic, Head, Chest, Stomach and excretion. Glutinous, demulcent, astringent, emollient and styptic. Internally useful in alleviating inflammations and abnormal heat, fattening for body. It is stomachic and softens the skin. | |||
| Specific actions | Styptic, demulcent and corrigent. | |||
| Frequency in use | Common. | |||
| Common uses | Cosmetic: For making the skin soft the gum is included in syrups and other household items used as refrigerant. It also removes the harshness of the skin. It is also applied on cracked lips. Head: It is applied in the eyes after making suppository, for the irritation of the eyes, other eye troubles and trachoma. It is also considered useful against eye wounds, it alleviates the inflammations and abnormal heat of the eyes. As corrective, included in purgative compound preparations. It is good for use in hoarse throat. Chest: In haemoptysis/hemoptysis and other complaints of thoracic region it is added in the fresh goat’s milk and given as linctus. It is useful in hot cough, asthma, gonorrhoea/gonorrhea and syphilis. Stomach and excretion: In scalding urine, diarrhoea/diarrhea and dysentery the gum is mixed with curd or whey, gives great relief. Internally it is used as powder with milk, sugar, wheat flour and sweet almond for fattening the body. | |||
| Side effect | Continuous use or large doses may give rise to obstructions in flow of blood (circulation). It may also be harmful in the disorders of the inner sub-ordinate organs of the body. | |||
| Medical system | Unani | |||
| Traditional concept | Temperament | Balanced in coldness and warmness and moist in first degree. The colour of the gum ranges from whitish to yellow, not fully transparent, it swells up in water but is not diluted in water like gum acacia. The gum is sweetish and cooling. | ||
| Drug effect | It is styptic, demulcent and acts as corrective. | |||
| Dosage | 1 to 3gm. | |||
| Substitute | Gond babul (Gum acacia). | |||
| Related drugs | (i) Astragalus gummifer Lab. Fam: Papilionaceae / Fabaceae Eng.: Tragacanth Not found in India. (ii) Sterculia urens Roxb. Fam: Sterculiaceae Eng.: Kateera gum Sterculia Occurring in U.P., M.P. Rajasthan, Assam, Bihar and southwards to W. Peninsula. | |||
| Corrigent (corrective) | Anisun (Pimpinella anisum Linn.). | |||
| Important compound preparations | Itrifal Zamani, Habb Shabyar, Habb Nazla and Laook sapistan. | |||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | Indian Medicinal Plants (Second Edition), Vols. 1-5, 1993. Kirtikar, K.R. and Basu. B.D., Periodical Experts Book Agency, Delhi Vol. 1, p 214-215. Indian Materia Medica, Vols. 1-2, 1976 (Repr. 1989). Nadkarni, A.K., Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., Bombay Vol. 1, p 362-363. Makhzanul-Mufradat (Khawasul Adviyah), Hakeem Kabiruddin, Daftar Al-Masih, Qarol Bagh, Delhi. p 444. Vistas in Ethnobotany, Vol.1, 2000. Khan, S. S. (editor), Indian Journal of Applied and Pure Biology, Bhopal. p 54. A Survey of Drugs, 1961 (2nd edi.). Wahid, A. K. and Siddiqui, H. H. Institute of History of Medicine and Medical Research, Delhi. p 77. Dictionary of Economic Plants in India, 1996 (2nd Rep.). Singh, U; Wadhwani, A. M. and Johri B.M. Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. p 54. Al-Qanun Fil-Tibb. Avicenna. (English translation of the critical Arabic text), Book 2, 1998. Hameed, H. A. (editor), Dept. of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi. pp 307-308, 383. Hamdard Pharmcopoeia of Eastern medicine, 1969. Said, H. M. (editor), The Times Press, Sadar Karachi. pp 66, 105, 114, 247-248. Indusyunic Medicine, 1997. Usmanghani, K., Saeed, A. and Alam, M. T. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi. pp 167-168. Unani Adwiyah Mufradah, 1984. Ali, Saifuddin, A. (3rd edi.). Taraqi-e-Urdu Bureau, R. K. Puram, New Delhi. pp 223-224. | ||
| Remarks | All Unani physicians have described this drug. Avicenna (Ibn Sina) has described this drug under taraghaqantha (Astragalus gummifer Lab.), Eng. - Tragacanth. Saifuddin has described this drug under Sterculia urens Roxb. But in practice and trade there is another kind of Katira in Indian Bazaar, which is called Katira-i-hindi, which is obtained from the trees of Yellow flowered cotton. It is also called country Tragacanth. Said (1969), Wahid and Siddiqui (1961) have also mentioned Cochlospermum religiosum as the source of Katira-i-hindi. Now it is absolutely current in use. The gum is a substitute for Tragacanth. It is an edible gum. Singh and Rao have reported that aqueous extract of the pith of Cochlospermum religiosum is also given orally twice a day for 15 days in bone fracture. | |||
| Last renewal date | 2024/02/27 | |||