Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market nameNaichani (Lalchondon)
Urudu nameSandal-surkh
Arabic name /
Persian name		Sandal-ahmar / Sandal-surkh
English nameRed Sandalwood
Original plant namePterocarpus santalinus Linn., Red Sandalwood
Family nameLeguminosae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification heart wood
Collection informationPeople's Republic of Bangladesh, Bandarban District
Collection date1964/3/18
CollectorTsuneo Namba
IdentifierJaved Ahmad
DescriptionFeatures:
The wood sinks in water; it is dark red with black veins, polished with longitudinal striations. The wood is quite heavy. Odour - none, but emits a faint agreeable smell on heating; taste - astringent and bitter. The thin shavings appear blood red with veins of a lighter tint. All parts of the wood are full of colouring matter.
TMPW No.9280

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Production area information
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21.8311002
92.36863210000001
Collection information
People's Republic of Bangladesh,Bandarban District
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Scientific information data base

Crude drug nameUrudu name,
English name		Sandal-surkh, Red Sandalwood
Arabic name / Persian nameSandal-ahmar / Sandal-surkh
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Original plant namePterocarpus santalinus Linn.
Family nameLeguminosae
Used partHeartwood (powder)
Distribution areaDeccan, in the hills of Cuddapah, S. Kurnool and Chingleput, upto 1,500ft.; also planted in S. India.
DescriptionThe trees are upto 10-11 meters tall and are found in S. India in abundance. The trees yield a red coloured juice on its fresh cut. Leaves like sesame oil plant. Bark blackish grey. Wood externally of lighter colour, whereas the heartwood is blood red. Seeds red like Abrus seeds. In red sandal the fragrance is missing. According to Saifuddin it is not the kind of white sandal which is very fragrant. It is an entirely another wood similar to Dammal akhwain (Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb.). Its wood is also reddish in colour like that of red sandal. In actions and properties it (red sandal) differs with that of white sandal. It is mistakenly adopted to call it as red sandal and is not considered appropriate to call it one of the kinds of sandal. Although in Unani Tibb it is used for other medicinal purposes (Saifuddin).
Function and propertiesAstringent, cooling, repellent, diaphoretic and blood purifier. Red sandal is most potent in the above properties than the white sandal (Galen). As one part of red sandal is hot, therefore, it is more frequently used externally as plaster or embrocation. It acts as concoctive, soothing, resolvent and anti-inflammatory agent with repercussive action. While white sandal produces more cooling effect internally. Red sandal does not attract (absorb) matters.
Specific actionsRepercussive and sedative (for warm inflammations and painful affections).
Frequency in useCommon.
Common usesSwellings: Sandalwood, particularly its red variety, dissolves hot swellings and it is also painted on erysipelas.

Swelling and inflammation: It is used as cooling external application for inflammations, in bilious affections, skin diseases and to reduce swellings of the eyelids.

Excretion: For bilious and bloody diarrhoea/diarrhea and to relieve the burning sensation in urine, syrup is also effective in bringing to normal the stomach acidity. It is mainly used in hematuria, polymenorrhagia, haemoptysis/hemoptysis, fevers and purification of blood.
Side effectDescribed as depressing sexual power if used for longer duration or in large doses.
Medical systemUnani
Traditional conceptTemperamentIt is cold in the second and dry in the third degree.
Drug effectRepercussive and sedative (for warm inflammations and painful affections).
CommentsIt is in the list of drugs used both in Unani and Ayurvedic Systems of Medicine.
Dosage3 to 5gm.
SubstituteSandal sufaid (Santalum album Linn.) white sandalwood; Kafur (Cinnamomum camphora Nees & Eberm.) camphor and Chharela (Parmelia perlata Esch.), lichen.
Corrigent (corrective)Honey.
Important compound preparationsSherbat Anjabar and Ma`jun Ushba.
ReferencesReference book　

Tips！

Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi
p 148.

Indian Materia Medica, Vols. 1-2, 1976 (Repr. 1989). Nadkarni, A.K., Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., Bombay
Vol. 1, pp 1025-1026.

Makhzanul-Mufradat (Khawasul Adviyah), Hakeem Kabiruddin, Daftar Al-Masih, Qarol Bagh, Delhi.
pp 396-397.

A Survey of Drugs, 1961 (2nd edi.). Wahid, A. K. and Siddiqui, H. H. Institute of History of Medicine and Medical Research, Delhi.
pp 1-3.

Dictionary of Economic Plants in India, 1996 (2nd Rep.). Singh, U; Wadhwani, A. M. and Johri B.M. Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
p 186.

Al-Qanun Fil-Tibb. Avicenna. (English translation of the critical Arabic text), Book 2, 1998. Hameed, H. A. (editor), Dept. of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi.
pp 300-301.

Indusyunic Medicine, 1997. Usmanghani, K., Saeed, A. and Alam, M. T. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi.
pp 365-366.

Unani Adwiyah Mufradah, 1984. Ali, Saifuddin, A. (3rd edi.). Taraqi-e-Urdu Bureau, R. K. Puram, New Delhi.
p 199.

RemarksIbn al-Baytar has included this drug among the drugs introduced by Arabs in their Materia Medica.

In Indian preparations, as an ingredient of several medicated oils.
Last renewal date2024/03/12
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