The Data Base of Ethno-medicines in the world (ETHMEDmmm)

Crude drug sample data base

※Click on the image to enlarge it.

Crude drug name	Market name	Zanjabil
	Urudu name	Sonth
	Arabic name / Persian name	Zanjabeel ratb / Zanjabeel
	English name	Dried ginger
Original plant name		Zingiber officinale Rosc., Dried ginger
Family name		Zingiberaceae
Used part	Classification	Plant origin
Used part	Sub classification	rhizome
Collection information		Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Karachi [Karachi], Sind, Amjad Unani Medicine (Pvt.)Ltd.
Collection date		1994/1/22
Collector		Tsuneo Namba
Identifier		Javed Ahmad
Description		Features: The drug consists of dried rhizomes of Z. officinale. Laterally compressed, irregularly branched pieces of partially peeled rhizomes of various sizes; outer surface buff coloured or mealy white, sometimes shrivelled, and having papery scales which exfoliate in small pieces; inner surface pale yellow in colour; starchy and slightly fibrous. Fracture - short; odour - strong, agreeably aromatic; taste - pungent.
TMPW No.		14076

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　

Production area information

https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png

25.0700428

67.2847875

Collection information

Islamic Republic of Pakistan,Karachi [Karachi], Sind

https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_nyu.png

Scientific information data base

Crude drug name

Urudu name,
English name

Sonth, Dried ginger

Arabic name / Persian name

Zanjabeel ratb / Zanjabeel

crude drug image

※Click on the image to enlarge it.

Original plant name

Zingiber officinale Rosc.

Family name

Zingiberaceae

Used part

Rhizome

Distribution area

Native of S. E. Asia but now ginger is cultivated in many parts of India; on a large scale in the warm, moist regions, chiefly in Madras, Cochin and Travancore, and to a somewhat less extent in Bengal and the Punjab. It is also produced in other countries like Jamaica.

Description

Dried ginger is a well-known drug, which resembles pepper in nature but it has no tenuity. Its warming property is more lasting than that of pepper. Dried ginger is devoid of superfluous moisture.
Several varieties of dried gingers are recognized. Cochin ginger takes the highest rank among Indian gingers. Dried ginger is thus prepared. The green is first sun dried, cleaned and soaked in water. The outer skin is scraped off and the scraped ginger is washed and again sun dried and stored in air-tight containers.

Function and properties

Head, Eye, Food, Excretion.

Aromatic, stimulant, digestive, carminative, antiflatulent, appetitive, laxative, externally as a rubefacient, cordial, corrective adjunct to purgatives to prevent nausea and griping and antirheumatic. Dried ginger is very hot. It produces warmth after considerable time.

Specific actions

Carminative and digestive.

Frequency in use

Very common.

Common uses

Head: It enriches the faculty of memory and removes the moistness in the region of the head and throat.

Eye: If used orally or as collyrium, it cures dim vision caused by moistness of eyes.

Food: It is digestive drug suitable for the coldness of the liver and the stomach. It dries up the excess moistness of the stomach produced by the intake of fruits.

Excretion: The preserved and unpreserved forms of dried ginger stimulate the sexual desire and slightly relax the bowels. It increases the quantity of semen.

Side effect

May cause harm when used in pharynx disorders. Dried ginger is useful for countering poisonous effects of insects.

Medical system

Unani

Traditional concept

Temperament

It is hot in the last phase of the third degree and dry in the second degree (Avicenna).
According to others it is dry in first degree.

Drug effect

Carminative and digestive are its beneficial properties or effects.
Not suitable in disorders of throat.

Dosage

1 to 3 gm.

Substitute

Root of Dar-i-filfil (Piper longum Linn.).
According to Avicenna (Ibn Sina) the substitute of dried ginger is pellitory.

Corrigent (corrective)

Roghan badam (oil of almond) and honey.

Important compound preparations

Jawarish Basbasa, Ma`jun Zanjabeel, Jawarish Kamuni and Sherbat Zanjabeel.

References

Reference book　

Tips！

Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi
p 98.

Indian Materia Medica, Vols. 1-2, 1976 (Repr. 1989). Nadkarni, A.K., Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., Bombay
Vol. 1, pp 1308-1315.

Makhzanul-Mufradat (Khawasul Adviyah), Hakeem Kabiruddin, Daftar Al-Masih, Qarol Bagh, Delhi.
pp 366-367.

A Survey of Drugs, 1961 (2nd edi.). Wahid, A. K. and Siddiqui, H. H. Institute of History of Medicine and Medical Research, Delhi.
p 72.

Dictionary of Economic Plants in India, 1996 (2nd Rep.). Singh, U; Wadhwani, A. M. and Johri B.M. Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
p 249.

Al-Qanun Fil-Tibb. Avicenna. (English translation of the critical Arabic text), Book 2, 1998. Hameed, H. A. (editor), Dept. of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi.
p 245.

Al-Jamili Mufradt Al Adwiya Wal Aghziya (1197-1248 A.D.). Ibn al-Baytar. Vols. 1-3, 1985-1999. Central council for Research in Unani Medicine, Janakpuri, New Delhi.
Vol. 2, pp 349-352.

Hamdard Pharmcopoeia of Eastern medicine, 1969. Said, H. M. (editor), The Times Press, Sadar Karachi.
pp 80, 84, 89, 178.

Indusyunic Medicine, 1997. Usmanghani, K., Saeed, A. and Alam, M. T. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi.
pp 451, 452.

Unani Adwiyah Mufradah, 1984. Ali, Saifuddin, A. (3rd edi.). Taraqi-e-Urdu Bureau, R. K. Puram, New Delhi.
pp 175-176.

Remarks

All Unani physicians have described this drug.
Dried ginger is also used as condiment.

Last renewal date

2024/03/13

[close the window]