Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Bi |
|---|---|---|
| Formal name | Brhati | |
Other names Tips！ | Byakura, Gurkamai (B), Barhanta, Birhatta (H), Cheruchunda, Cheruvazhudhena (M), Tella-mulaka, Kakamunchi (Te), Mulli, Pappara-mulli, Karimulli (Ta), Motaringi (G), Bihi (Ne), Tittatibbatu (Sin) | |
| English name | Poison-berry | |
| Original plant name | Solanum indicum Linn., Poison-berry | |
| Family name | Solanaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | fruit |
| Collection information | Kingdom of Nepal, Patan, Kathmandu / Shresta | |
| Collection date | 1991/04/27 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba, et al. | |
| TMPW No. | 15584 | |
Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Ayurvedic name or Sanskrit name, English name | Brhati, Poison-berry | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Synonyms | Rastrika, Simhi, Vartaki, Cakuli, Kuli, Akrantakhya, Pitaphala, Hrasvaphala, Ksudrabhantaki, Mahati, Hinguli, Mahostri, Dustapragharsini, Mahatikranta, Sthulakanta, Bhantaki, Mohotika, Bahupatri, Kantatanu, Kantalu, Katphala, Dorali, Vanavrntaki, Visada, Kranta, Vidhavika. | ||||
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| Original plant name | Solanum indicum Linn. | ||||
| Family name | Solanaceae | ||||
| Used part | Fruits (Roots) | ||||
| Distribution area | A spiny herb found throughout the warmer parts of Nepal and India, upto an elevation of 1500m. | ||||
| Remarks | Common | ||||
| Common uses | Fruit is bitter, pungent and anthelmintic. This is useful in pruritus, leucoderma, bronchitis, asthma, chronic fever, vomiting, loss of appetite, calculus affections, colic, dysuria, cardiac weakness, urinary diseases and eye diseases. Smoke from burning seeds is said to relieve toothache. In Africa, the plant is used against itch and ringworm. Half ripe fruits are employed in the preparation of curries, chutneys and preserves. Leaves are used as a vegetable and also serve as fodder for goats. Fruits are considered toxic, laxative and digestive. Root is bitter, pungent, heating, digestive, astringent to the bowels, anthelmintic, carminative and expectorant. It is useful in cough, catarrhal affections, nasal ulcers, leucoderma, fever, asthma, pain, bronchitis, vomiting, pruritus, dysuria, cardiac troubles and colic. Decoction of the root is prescribed as a tonic and is also used in difficult parturition. | ||||
| Therapeutic uses | Krmi (worm infestation), Kustha (skin diseases), Kandu (pruritus), Arocaka (anorexia), Asyavairasya (loss of taste in the mouth), Jvara (fever), Svasa (asthmatic conditions), Sula (colic), Kasa (cough), Agnimandya (reduced digestive fire), Chardi (vomiting), Asyamala (removes the coating of the tongue), Hrllasa (nausea). | ||||
| Pharmacological effect | An alcoholic extract of fruits is active against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; the extract of leaves also is active against E. coli. Extracts of the whole plant have been tested for a wide range of biological activities. They influence blood pressure; they also have an effect on human-epidermal carcinoma of the naso-pharynx in tissue culture and on Friend-virus leukaemia (solid) in the mice. The herb is active against Helminthosporium sativum. | ||||
| Medical system | Ayurveda (Traditional Indian medicine) | ||||
| Traditional concept | Rasa (Taste) | Katu (Pungent), Tikta (Bitter) | |||
| Virya (Potency) | Usna (Hot) | ||||
| Guna (Quality) | Laghu (Light), Ruksa (Dry), Tiksna (Sharp) | ||||
| Vipaka (Post digestive taste) | Katu (Pungent) | ||||
| Karma (General action) | Grahini (constipative), Hrdya (good for heart), Pacani (digestive), Rucya (improves taste), Krmighna (anthelmintic), Vajikara (aphrodisiac). | ||||
| Dosakarma (Action on dosa) | Decreases Kapha Vata | ||||
| Traditional usage | 1. In Anorexia, Brhati (Solanum indicum), fruits are cooked, added with spices and then put into boiled curd. It is very useful in arocaka (anorexia). 2. Juice of Brhati fruit mixed with honey and cow's ghee helps to alleviate vomiting. 3. Fruit and root of Gunja (Abrus precatorius) are pounded with the juice of Brhati fruits and rubbed with Dhattura (Datura metel) fruit. It removes indralupta (patchy hair fall). 4. The woman should take juice of white variety of Brhati root by the right nostril for male progeny and by left one for female child. 5. Powder of Brhati fruit and Sunthi (dry ginger) mixed together is blown into the nostril. By this patient sneezes and regains consciousness. 6. Brhati fruit is slightly steamed in water, pounded and cooked in ghee. Then it is added with powdered rock salt and taken. It stimulates digestion and alleviates cough. 7. Brhati fruit is an ingredient in Pippalyadi leha which is used in cough. 8. Seeds are removed from mature fruits of Brhati. It is then filled with paste of Pippali (Piper longum) and Srotonjana (a type of collyrium). After a week the paste is taken out and applied to eyes as collyrium. This relieves eye diseases. 9. Fumigation of Vartaka (Solanum mlongena) destroys maggots in ear. 10. The child who vomits breast milk frequently should be given fruit juice of Kantakari (Solanum surattense) and Brhati mixed with Pancakola (a formulation of five drugs: Pippali – Piper longum, Pippalimula – Root of Piper longum, Chavya – Piper chaba, Chitraka – Plumbago zeylanica, Shunti / Nagara – Zingiber officinale), honey and ghee. 11. Brhati with buttermilk overcomes Grahani (sprue) disorder. 12. Brhati fruit is boiled in alkaline water of Kosataki (Luffa acutangula) and fried with ghee. It is taken with jaggery to full satisfaction followed by intake of buttermilk. It destroys hemorrhoids. | ||||
| Formulation | Brhatyadi kvatha, Dasamularista, Pippalyaadi ghrta Sudarsana curna, Devadaradi kvatha, Satyadi kvatha | ||||
| Related drugs | Roots of Solanum melongena L. var indicum (L.) O.Ktze. (= S. incanum L.) are commonly substituted for the genuine drug, Solanum torvum. | ||||
| Comments | In the classics, it is mentioned as Brhati dvaya (two varieties) which means Brhati and Kantakari. In Ayurvedic Formulary of India, Solanum indicum and Solanum xanthocarpum Schrad. & Wendl. are the names given for two varieties. However none of these treatises consider Solanum melongena as Brhati. Its synonym pitaphala indicates that it bears yellow flowers. Hrasvaphala means that its flowers are small. It is called duspragharsini because it is difficult to touch as it is thorny. Bahupatri means it has many leaves. Kantaki means it has thorns. Sthulakanta means that it has hard thorns. Brhati is included in Kanthya, Hikkanigrahana, Sothahara and Angamardaprasamana gana by Caraka. Susruta includes it in Brhatyadi, Laghupancamula gana. | ||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | [2] Indian Medicinal Plants - A Compendium of 500 species, Varier, P.S., Orient Longman Ltd. Chennai (Madras) Vol. 5 (Repr.1997), pp 151-153. Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi p 22. Indian Medicinal Plants (Second Edition), Vols. 1-5, 1993. Kirtikar, K.R. and Basu. B.D., Periodical Experts Book Agency, Delhi Vol. 1, pp 1756-1757. Dravyagunavijnana, Vols. 1-5, reprint 1998. Sharma, P.V., Chowkhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Vol. 2, pp 282-284. Classical uses of Medicinal Plants, 1996. Sharma, P.V., Chaukhambha Visvabharati, Varanasi p 269. | |||
| Remarks | Half ripe fruits are employed in the preparation of curries, chutneys and preserves. Leaves are used as a vegetable and also serve as fodder for goats. Fruits are considered toxic, laxative and digestive. | ||||
| Last renewal date | 2023/11/16 | ||||
