Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market nameSuto (Dry ginger)
Formal nameSunthi
Other names　　　

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Sonth, Shunthi (T), Sunta (B), Sonth (H), Vanasunthi (K), Chukku (M), Sonti (Te), Sukku (Ta), Be-aega (Ti), Aduva (N), Inguru, Sidhinguru (Sin)
English nameDry Ginger
Original plant nameZingiber officinale Rosc.
Family nameZingiberaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification rhizome
Collection informationIndia, New Delhi, Hans Raj & Sons
Collection date1991/05/07
CollectorTsuneo Namba, et al.
TMPW No.12506

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Scientific information data base

Crude drug nameAyurvedic name or
Sanskrit name, English name		Sunthi, Dry Ginger
SynonymsNagara, Usanam, Aryam, Katukam, Katukayanam, Mahicchatram, Kolam, Visvam, Visvausadham, Ausadham, Mahaskandham, Mahausadham, Mahaviryam, Simhalam, Visvabhesajam, Tiksnam, Katu, Kasaghnam, Srngaveram, Katubhadram, Katugranthi, Sauparnam, Kaphari
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Original plant nameZingiber officinale Rosc.
Family nameZingiberaceae
Used partDry rhizome
Distribution areaCultivated throughout India, run wild in the western Ghats in South India.
RemarksCommon.
Common usesDry rhizome is useful in asthma, gastric ulcers, cardiac disorders, cough and cold, dyspepsia, urticaria, loss of appetite, piles and sciatica. It cleanses the throat and tongue. Ginger is valued in medicine as a carminative and stimulant to the gastro-intestinal tract. It is much in vogue as a household remedy for flatulence and colic. An extract of ginger is used as an adjuvant to many tonics and stimulating remedies. Externally ginger is used as a local stimulant and rubifacient.
Therapeutic usesAmavata (rheumatic fever), Vami (vomiting), Svasa (respiratory disorders), Sula (colic), Kasa (cough), Hrdamaya (heart disorders), Slipada (elephantiasis), Arsa (piles), Sopha (oedema), Anaha (distension of epigastric region), Udara (ascites), Pandu (anaemic/anemic conditions), Hikka (hiccough)
Chemical constituentMonoterpenoids
Essential oil (0.8%), Camphene, Phellandrene, Cineol, Citral, Borneol

Sesquiterpenoids
Zingiberene, Zingerol

Other aromatic derivatives
Shogaol

Pharmacological effectRhizome extract brings about a constant fall in serum sodium levels with a consistent increase in urinary sodium levels. Ginger taken as fresh, dried powder or as tincture, enhances integrity of capillary cells and stimulates peripheral flow in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Alcoholic extract of Ginger has been found to stimulate the vasomotor and respiratory centres of anaesthetized cats. They also stimulate the heart. Ginger is reported to contain an antihistaminic factor. It is included among the antidepressants and it forms an ingredient of some antinarcotic preparations. Oral administration of fresh Ginger or its extracts are prescribed for treating various types of gastric ulcers. It enhanced secretion of bile and decreased gastric secretions in test animals.
Medical systemAyurveda (Traditional Indian medicine)
Traditional conceptRasa (Taste)Katu (Pungent)
Virya (Potency)Usna (Hot)
Guna (Quality)Laghu (Light), Snigdha (Unctuous)
Vipaka
(Post digestive taste)		Madhura (Sweet)
Karma
(General action)		Dipana (increases digestive fire), Vrsya (aphrodisiac), Vibandhanut (removes blocks), Rucya (appetising), Pacani (digestive), Svarya (good for voice)
Dosakarma
(Action on dosa)		Decreases Kapha Vata
Mala
(Action on excretory mechanism)		Grahi (constipative)
Avayava
(Action on organ)		Hrdya (good for heart)
Traditional usage1. Decoction of Sunthi (dry Ginger) and Goksura (Tribulus terrestris) is good for rheumatic fever, backache and it is a good digestive.

2. Ghee cooked with Sunthi is good for irritable bowels, anaemic/anemic condition, spleen disorders, cough, fever, for downward movement of Vata and arthritic conditions.

3. Along with Jaggery, Sunthi is good for hiccough. Decoction of dry ginger is good for respiratory disorders, colic and heart diseases. Mixed with milk it is used as nasal medication for all types of headaches.

4. Decoction of Sunthi and Bilva (Aegle marmelos) is good for vomiting and cholera.

5. Along with water Sunthi is used as nasal medication for scorpion sting.

6. For rheumatic fever and peptic ulcer Sunthi is taken along with Jaggery, Tila (Sesamum indicum) and milk.

7. Milk cooked with Sunthi, Draksa (Grapes) and Kharjura (Dates) and added with ghee, honey and sugar allays thirst and fever.

8. One afflicted with fever associated with diarrhoea/diarrhea or excess of Pitta should take liquid gruel of parched paddy cold and added with Sunthi and honey. Decoction of Sunthi with honey alleviates anorexia, loss of appetite, coryza, dyspnoea/dyspnea and cough due to defects of water due to change of place.

9. Sunthi, Jiraka (cumin seeds) and jaggery pounded together and taken with hot water, old wine or buttermilk checks fever with rigor.

10. One should take water processed with Hribera (Valeriana hardwickii) and Sunthi for improving appetite and digestion.

11. In diarrhoea caused by Kapha and associated with indigestion, the paste of Sunthi alone should be taken with tepid water. One who defaecates frequently with or without stool or with tenesmus should take Sunthi with jaggery mixed with curd, oil, ghee and milk.

12. Powder of Sunthi smeared with ghee is wrapped within Eranda (Ricinus communis) leaves and cooked on mild fire. The powder is then taken out and mixed with equal quantity of sugar. It is taken in the morning and thus pacifies all sorts of pain due to diarrhea with indigestion.

13. Yavaksara (a type of alkali) and powdered Sunthi taken together with ghee in morning promotes appetite.

14. If a person otherwise strong feels some doubt of indigestion at the time of meal, he should take Haritaki (Terminalia chebula) mixed with Sunthi before taking food. The same along with jaggery or salt is wholesome incase of loss of appetite.

15. Decoction of Sunthi mixed with honey alleviates anorexia, loss of appetite, respiratory, abdominal disorders and all defects of water and promotes health and lustre.

16. Decoction of paste of Sunthi, Ativisa (Aconitum heterophyllum) and Musta (Cyperus rotundus) digests undigested materials.

17. Sunthi taken with buttermilk checks diarrhoea, promotes digestive power and alleviates irritable bowels, piles, ascitic types, oedema and poisoning.

18. The paste of Sunthi and Bilva taken with lentil soup alleviates irritable bowels.

19. Water processed with Sunthi and Dhanyaka (coriander) should be given as post meal drink. It acts as carminative and laxative.

20. Citraka (Plumbago zeylanica) and Sunthi with vinegar should be used in piles.

21. One who takes bolus prepared of Sunthi, Bhallataka (Semecarpus anacardium) and Vrddhadaruka (Argyreia speciosa) gets rid of all types of piles and by this even the old is rejuvenated.

22. The powder of Pippali (Piper longum) and Sunthi mixed with equal quantity of Haritaki powder and taken with jaggery destroys piles caused by Kapha and Vata.

23. The decoction of Sunthi and Patola (Trichosanthes dioica) alleviates Kapha, Pitta, vomiting, itching, fever, eruptions and burning sensation and improves digestion and appetite.

24. One should take decoction of Sunthi and Eranda root added with Hing (Ferula assa-foetida) and Sauvarcala (a type of salt). It removes pain simultaneously.

25. The patient who takes paste of Sunthi, Tila, Jaggery cooked in milk is relieved of pain during digestion within a week.

26. Decoction of Sunthi, Eranda and Indrayava (Holarrhena pubescens) alleviates colic immediately.

27. Decoction of Sunthi and Sigru (Moringa oleifera) removes colic within three days.

28. Sunthi, Tila, Jaggery - all pounded together should be taken with hot milk. It alleviates Vata type of phantom tumors, upward movement of Vata and pain in female genitals.

29. Sunthi mixed with equal quantity of jaggery should be taken with decoction of Punarnava (Boerhavia diffusa).

30. Sauvarcala (a type of salt), Sunthi and Bharngi (Clerodendron serratum) with double quantity of sugar should be taken with hot water. It alleviates hiccough and bronchial asthma. Likewise acts goat's milk processed with decoction of Sunthi and added with sugar.

31. Madhuka (Glycyrrhiza glabra) mixed with honey, Pippali, sugar and Sunthi with jaggery - these three stuffs alleviate hiccough.

32. Decoction of Sunthi, Pippali, jaggery and Amalaka (Phyllanthus emblica) mixed with honey checks hiccough, similarly acts the ash of peacock's feather with honey.

33. Boiled and cooked water processed with Bala (Sida retusa) combined with Sunthi should be given to drink in all cases of alcoholism.

34. Pudding made with pounded Sunthi and castor seeds should be eaten in cases of lumbago and sciatica.

35. Powder of Sunthi, Indrayava and Citraka (Plumbago zeylanica) taken with warm water is useful in wind in bowels.

36. Sunthi, Pippali, Marica, Yavani (Trachyspermum ammi) and rocksalt - these powdered singly or jointly are beneficial in lock jaw.

37. Ghee, oil, jaggery, vinegar and Sunthi - these taken together alleviates lumbago.

38. Decoction of Sunthi and Goksura used regularly in morning alleviates rheumatic fever, lumbago, pain and stimulates digestion.

39. One should take decoction of Sunthi and Guduci (Tinospora cordifolia) added with Pippali in rheumatic fever, lumbago with intense pain.

40. Sunthi powder should be taken with sour gruel. It pacifies rheumatic fever and is a good remedy for Kapha and Vata.

41. Paste of Sunthi impregnated with the juice or decoction of Eranda root should be heated (Putapaka). Its juice mixed with honey allays even the severe pain in rheumatic fever.

42. One should take food with milk cooked with Sunthi for filaria.

43. Decoction of Sunthi, Varuna (Crataeva magna), Goksura, Pasanabheda (Bergenia ligulata) and Kapotavanka (Dalbergia spp.) mixed with jaggery and Yavaksara (a type of alkali) if taken regularly destroys even severe calculus.

44. In disease of mouth, gargle is prescribed with decoction of Sunthi mixed with Svarjikaksara (a type of alkali) and honey or with the paste of Guduci and Nimba (Azadirachta indica) mixed with honey and oil.

45. In deafness and tinnitus snuffing with decoction of Sunthi mixed with jaggery should be used.

46. Warm paste of Sunthi and Nimba leaves (Azadirachta indica) mixed with a little salt should be applied on eyes. It removes swelling, itching and pain.

47. Snuffing with milk mixed with paste of Sunthi alleviates severe headache.

48. Snuffing with Sunthi mixed with jaggery is beneficial in stiffness or arms etc. and all supra clavicular diseases.

49. Snuffing with paste of Sunthi mixed with jaggery removes headache.

50. For purifying breast milk one should take Guduci and Saptaparna (Alstonia scholaris) mixed with Sunthi.

51. The use of Sunthi and Madhuka is good for emaciation associated with injury.

52. Trivrt mixed with sugar and Indrayava or Sunthi mixed with jaggery are beneficial in jaundice.

53. Decoction of Bilva and Sunthi alleviates vomiting and diarrhea with pain.

54. Snuffing with Sunthi rubbed with water destroys poison of scorpion.
FormulationArdraka khanda, Pancasama curna, Samasarkara curna, Rasnadi kvatha, Saubhagya sunthi, Sunthisura, Sunthipanaka, Nagaradya curna, Sunthi ghrta, Nagaradya yamaka, Lavanabhaskara curna, Sudarsana curna, Amrtarista, Goksuradi guggulu, Trikatu.
CommentsThis is included in Trptighna, Arsoghna, Dipaniya, Sulaprasamana, Trsnanigrahana of Caraka, Pippalyadi, Trikatu of Susruta and Pancakola, Sadusana of Bhavaprakasa.
ReferencesReference book　

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[2] Indian Medicinal Plants - A Compendium of 500 species, Varier, P.S., Orient Longman Ltd. Chennai (Madras)
Vol. 5 (Repr.1997), pp 435-438.

Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, 1956. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi. - New Edition (1996) National Institute Science Communication; Supplement
p 261.

Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi
p 98.

Ayurvedic Drugs and Their Plant Sources, 1994. Sivarajan, V.V. and Balachandran, I., Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
p 50.

The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I, Vol I, Ed. I, 1989. Govt. of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Dept. of Health, New Delhi
p 103.

Plants in Ayurveda (A Compendium of Botanical and Sanskrit Names), 1997. Abdul Kareem, M., Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore
1745.

Dravyagunavijnana, Vols. 1-5, reprint 1998. Sharma, P.V., Chowkhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi
Vol. 2, pp 331-335.

Classical uses of Medicinal Plants, 1996. Sharma, P.V., Chaukhambha Visvabharati, Varanasi
p 44.

RemarksThe Homoeopathic drug Zingiber officinale is used for treating asthma. It is also used in the Unani System of Medicine and forms an ingredient of drugs like Jawarish-kamuni/Majoon-e-khubs-ul-hadeed, Majoon-e-falsfa.
Last renewal date2024/01/15
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