Crude drug sample data base

※Click on the image to enlarge it.
Crude drug name

Market nameMustaka
Formal nameMusta
Other names　　　

Tips！

Mothaa (T), Mutthaa (B), Tungegadde, Konnari (K), Tungamuste (Te), Korai (Ta), Mothe (N), Kalanduru (Sin)
English nameNut Grass Tubers
Original plant nameCyperus rotundus Linn., Nut Grass Tubers
Family nameCyperaceae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification tuber
Collection informationIndia, Udupi, Karnataka, U.Venkatesh Jogoppa Shanbhag & Sons
Collection date2011/09/16
CollectorKatsuko Komatsu, et al.
TMPW No.27475

The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative　　
location of its administrative area is indicated.　　
Production area information
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_san.png
13.3408807
74.74214269999993
Collection information
India,Udupi, Karnataka
https://ethmed.toyama-wakan.net/img/pin_nyu.png

Scientific information data base

Crude drug nameAyurvedic name or
Sanskrit name, English name		Musta, Nut Grass Tubers
SynonymsJalada, Gangeya, Kuruvindaka, Mustavindak, Varaha, Abda, Bhadra, Bhadramusta, Varida, Ambhoda, Megha, Jimuta, Nirada, Abhra, Ghana, Varahi, Gunja, Granthi, Bhadrakasi, Kaseru, Krodesta, Sugandhi, Granthila, Hima, Vanya, Rajakaseru, Kaccota, Pindamustaka, Nagara, Meghanama, Nadeya, Vrsabhaksa, Kroda, Baleya, Paripelava, Ambuvaha, Ambubhrt, Taditvan, Varivaha, Balavahaka, Toyada, Toyadhara, Abhra.
crude drug image
More
※Click on the image to enlarge it.
Original plant nameCyperus rotundus Linn.
Family nameCyperaceae
Used partRhizome
Distribution areaHimalayan and Madesh region of Nepal at 1800m and also almost ubiquitous, it is found throughout India upto an elevation of 6000 feet.
RemarksCommon.
Common usesTubers are bitter, acrid, cooling, diuretic, emmenagogue, anthelminitc, antiinflamatory, revulsive, galacagogue, depurative, intellect promoting, nervine tonic, digestive, carminative, diaphoretic, astringent, stimulant, useful in disorders of stomach and irritation of bowels. Dry tubers are sold in the market and used in medicine, perfumery and the preparation of fragrant sticks called Agarbatties. An extract of the plant with ginger and honey is given in dysentery. The plant is useful in blood pressure.
Therapeutic usesTrsna (thirst), Atisara (diarrhoea/diarrhea), Daha (burning sensation), Aruci (loss of taste), Jantu (worm infestation), Ama (undigested matter), Sula (colic), Vrana (ulcers).
Chemical constituentSesquiterpenoids
4,5-Secoeudesmanolide (+) (*C1), 4,5-Episecoeudesmanolide (+) (*C1), Tetracyclic acetal with the cyperolone skeleton (*C1),Cyperolone (*C1), Mustakone (*C1), Cyprotene (*C2), alpha-Selinene (*C2), Cypera-2,4-diene (*C2), alpha-Copaene (*C2), Cyperene (*C2, *C11), Rotundene (*C2), Valencene (*C2), Ylanga-2,5-diene (*C2), grama-Gurjunene (*C2), trans-Calamenene (*C2), delta-Cadinene (*2), grama-Calacorene (*C2), epi- alpha-Selinene (*C2), alpha-Muurolene (*C2), grama- Muurolene (*C2), Cadalene (*C2), Nootkatene (*C2), Cyperotundone (*C2, *C10, *C11), Mustakone (*C2), Cyperol (*C2, *C10), Isocyperol (*C2), alpha-Cyperone (*C2, *C7, *C10), Isorotundene (*C2), Cypera-2,4(15)-diene (*C2), Norrotundene (*C2), Cyperadione (*C2), Patchoulenone (*C3), Caryophyllene alpha-oxide (*C3), 10,12-Peroxycalamenene (*C3), 4,7-dimethyl-1-tetralone (*C3), beta-Selinene (*C5), Nootkatone (*C5), Isocurcumenol (*C5), Aristolone (*C5), Sugetiol triacetate (*C8, *C10, *C11),　1,2,3,5,6,8a-Hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl) naphthalene (1S-cis) (*C9), 4,12,12-Trimethyl-9-methylene5-oxatricyclo[8.2.0.0]dodecane [1R-(1R*, 4R*, 6R*, 10S*] (*C9), 1,3-Dimethyl-8-(1-methylethyl) tricycle[4.4.0.0]dec-3-ene (*C9), 1,5,9,9-Tetramethyl-12-oxabicyclo[9.1.0]dodeca-4,7-dione (*C9),

Triterpenoids
Oleanolic acid (*C5)

Sterols
beta-Sitosterol (*C10)

Flavones & Flavonols
Rhamnetin glycoside (*C6)

Alkaloids
Rotundine A (*C4), Rotundine B (*C4), Rotundine C (*C4)

Pharmacological effectA-sitosterol isolated from the tubers exhibits strong antiinflammatory activity against carageenan and cotton pallet induced oedema in rats. The activity is comparable to hydrocortisone and phenylbutazone. The extract of the tubers exhibits a significant antimalarial activity. Alcoholic extract of the whole plant exhibits antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei.
Medical systemAyurveda (Traditional Indian medicine)
Traditional conceptRasa (Taste)Tikta (Bitter), Katu (Pungent), Kasaya (Astringent)
Virya (Potency)Sita (Cold)
Guna (Quality)Laghu (Light), Ruksa (Dry)
Vipaka
(Post digestive taste)		Katu (Pungent)
Karma
(General action)		Grahi (constipative), Dipana (increases digestive fire), Pacana (digestive).
Dosakarma
(Action on dosa)		Decreases Kapha, Pitta
Traditional usage1. Water boiled with Musta (Cyperus rotundus), Parpata (Fumaria vailantii), Usira (Vetiveria zizanioides), Candana (sandal), Balaka (Plectranthus vettiveroides) and Sunthi (dry ginger) and cooled should be given to pacify thirst in fever.

2. Parpata mixed with Musta or Sunthi or Duralabha (Tragia involucrata) should be given in form of decoction or cold infusion.

3. Musta rhizomes twenty (in number) should be boiled in milk with three times water and it should be reduced to milk. Its intake checks pain and diarrhoea/diarrhea.

4. Patient of diarrhoea should be given to drink water processed with Vaca (Acorus calamus), Prativisa (Aconitum spp.) or Musta and Parpata or Haridra (turmeric) and Sunthi.

5. Musta is crushed and boiled in equal quantity of milk and reduced to one fourth. When cooled it is mixed with honey and taken. It checks diarrhoea with mucus.

6. Crushed Musta 2 kg. is cooked in milk 640 ml. Adding sufficient water till only milk remains. Then remaining portions of Mustaka are removed and the milk is curdled. Curd so obtained alleviates diarrhoea and other abdominal disorders.

7. "Lauha bhasma" (processed iron powder) mixed with Musta powder should be taken with decoction of Khadira (Acacia catechu) in case of "Halimaka" (a kind of Pitta disorder).

8. Use of parched grain flour prepared with Musta and Bhallataka (Semecarpus anacardium), Maksika (honey), Devadaru (Cedrus deodara), Guduci (Tinospora cordifolia) and Silajatu (Asphalt) is efficacious in glandular erysipelas.

9. Water boiled with Musta digests the pathos. It should be used in all types of alcoholism.

10. "Sarkaradi" formulation should be given mixed with Musta and Marica (black pepper) in cough caused by Pitta associated with Kapha.

11. In order to control vomiting caused by Kapha, powder of Badari (Ziziphus mauritiana) mixed with Jambu (Syzygium cumini) seeds, Karkatasrngi (Pistacia integerrima), Musta or Duralabha and mixed with honey should be given.

12. In thirst as complication of "Visucika" (a type of indigestion), water processed with Bhadramusta (a variety of Musta) should be given.

13. One root of Musta pounded finely with cow ghee is applied as paste on the wound in accidental wounds.

14. Bhadramusta rubbed with goat's urine is applied as collyrium in eye diseases. It destroys redness.

15. Bhadramusta is an ingredient in "Nagarjuni gutika" (a formulation). It is a compound formulation used to alleviate eye diseases.

16. Root of Musta from the eastern direction should be taken out and pounded. It should be taken with milk of cow having calf of similar colour, it alleviates epilepsy.

17. Water processed with Musta and Parpata is beneficial in fever.
FormulationMustakadi kvatha, Mustakarista, Mustadi curna, Mustadi leha, Sadangapaniya.
Related drugsCyperus scariosus R.Br.
CommentsDhanvantari nighantu and Raja nighantu have described three varieties of Musta as - mustaka, nagaramustaka and jalamustaka. Jalamustaka is also called kaivarta mustaka. Bhadramustaka is taken for different drug which is botanically identified as Cyperus esculentus L. of Cyperaceae. It is taken as substitute for Musta. Its synonyms varida, abda, gangeya etc., indicate that it grows near water resources. Its synonyms are that of clouds like ghana, megha etc. as its colour resembles that of clouds. It is called rajakaseruka as it resembles kaseruka but is bigger than that.
ReferencesReference book　

Tips！

[2] Indian Medicinal Plants - A Compendium of 500 species, Varier, P.S., Orient Longman Ltd. Chennai (Madras)
Vol. 2 (Repr.1997), p 296.

Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi
p 70.

Plants in Ayurveda (A Compendium of Botanical and Sanskrit Names), 1997. Abdul Kareem, M., Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore
50.

Dravyagunavijnana, Vols. 1-5, reprint 1998. Sharma, P.V., Chowkhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi
Vol. 2, p 370.

Classical uses of Medicinal Plants, 1996. Sharma, P.V., Chaukhambha Visvabharati, Varanasi
p 308.

Medicinal plants of Nepal
p 115.

Research paper*C1 Ohira, S., Hasegawa, T., Hayashi, K. -I., Hoshino, T., Takaoka, D. and Nozaki, H.; Phytochemistry, 47, 1577-98 (1998).
*C2 Sonwa, M. M. and Konig, W. A.; Phytochemistry, 58, 799-810 (2001).
*C3 Thebtaranonth, C., Thebtaranonth, Y., Wanauppathemkul, S. and Yuthavong, Y.; Phytochemistry, 40, 125-28 (1995).
*C4 Jeong, S. -J., Miyamoto, T., Inagaki, M., Kim, Y. -C and Higuchi, R.; J. Nat. Prod., 63, 673-75 (2000).
*C5 Ha, J. -H., Lee, K. -Y., Choi, H. -C., Cho, J., Kang, B. -S., Lim, J. -C. and Lee, D. U.; Bio. Pharm. Bull., 25, 128-30 (2002).
*C6 Singh, N. B. and Singh, P. N.; J. Indian Chem. Soc., 63, 450 (1986).
*C7 Akatsuka, I. S. and Birai, S.; Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 06016516 A2, 5pp, Heisei (1994).
*C8 Komai, K., Kubo, Y., Masuda, Y. and Hamada, M.; Zasso Kenkyu, 36, 329-33 (1991).
*C9 Komai, K., Shimizu, M., Tang, C. S. and Tsutsui, H.; Kinki Daigaku Nogakubu Kiyo, 27, 39-45 (1994).
*C10 Kim, S. K., Hwang, B. Y., Kanq, S. J., Lee, J. J., Ro, J. S. and Lee, K. S.; Saengyak Hakhoechi, 31, 1-6 (2000).
*C11 Mahmout, Y., Bessiere, J. -M. and Dolmazon, R.; J. Soc. Ouest-Afr. Chim., 2, 1-17 (1997).
Last renewal date2023/12/12
[close the window]