Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Dar cini |
|---|---|---|
| Urudu name | Darchini | |
| Arabic name / Persian name | Qirfah al-darsini / Darchini | |
| English name | Cinnamon | |
| Original plant name | Cinnamomum verum J. S. Presl. syn. Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, Cinnamon | |
| Family name | Lauraceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | stem bark |
| Collection information | Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Karachi [Karachi], Sind , Amjad Unani Medicine (Pvt.) Ltd. Karachi, Pakistan | |
| Collection date | 1994/01/22 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba | |
| Identifier | Javed Ahmad | |
| Description | Features: The drug consists of the bark obtained from the shoots of Cinnamomum verum syn. C. zeylanicum, single, double or closely packed, compound quills of varying length upto 2.5cm in diameter and 0.5-1mm in thickness. Outer surface with shining wavy lines running longitudinally and occasional scars and holes are also visible. Inner surface dark brown with faint straight striations. Fructure - short and splintery; odour - characteristic; taste - aromatic. | |
| TMPW No. | 14475 | |
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location of its administrative area is indicated.
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Production area information
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25.0700428
67.2847875
Collection information
Islamic Republic of Pakistan,Karachi [Karachi], Sind
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Urudu name, English name | Darchini, Cinnamon | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic name / Persian name | Qirfah al-darsini / Darchini | ||||
| crude drug image |
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| Original plant name | Cinnamomum verum J. S. Presl. syn. Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume | ||||
| Family name | Lauraceae | ||||
| Used part | Bark (stem) | ||||
| Distribution area | An evergreen tree occurring in the rain forests of W. Ghats. It is wild in the southern coastal regions of western India up to an altitude of 6,000ft. Cultivated in South India. Plantations of cinnamon are confined to Kerala State. | ||||
| Description | Cinnamon is a well known drug. It is a fragrant bark found closely packed. It is less in thickness than the bark of Taj (Cinnamomum cassia Blume.). It is easily breakable into small fragments. Outer surface is reddish brown with shining and consists dot like structures which make the surface rough and wavy lines running longitudinally are common on the outer surface. Inner surface is dark brown in colour. Taste - sweet, fast and scented aromatic. | ||||
| Function and properties | Cosmetics, Ulcers, Joints, head, Eye, Chest, Liver and Stomach, Fever, Excretion, Aphrodisiac. Cinnamon is highly attenuant, demulcent, stimulant, exhilarant, tonic to stomach and liver, absorbent and deobstruent. It is also diuretic and emmenagogue. It removes various putrid, decaying matters originating from corrupt humours. It is sex stimulant. It creates constipation in intestines. Its oil is very hot, liquefying and solvent. | ||||
| Specific actions | Strength giving to the vital organs (heart, brain and liver) of the body. | ||||
| Frequency in use | Very common. | ||||
| Common uses | Cosmetics: It is painted on lenticular reddish black pigment spots of the skin. In case of acne it is painted with vinegar. Ulcers: It is good to be used in ringworm and ulcers. Joints: The oil of cinnamon is a wonderful drug for chorea. Head: It is useful in coryza. Its oil causes heaviness of the head. It purifies the brain by absorbing the fluid from it. This drug relieves the pain of the ear. Eye: It is useful in conditions of dim and dark vision both when taken orally or used as a collyrium. It removes thick fluid from the eye. Chest: Cinnamon is an exhilarant. It is useful in cough and it clears the chest congestion. Liver and stomach: As food it is useful and removes hepatic obstructions and strengthens the liver and stomach. It removes fluids from the stomach and proves to be useful in dropsy. Fever. Cinnamon is beneficial in shivering fever particularly when its oil is used as a massage. Excretion: It is useful in uteralgia, nephralgia, uteritis and nephritis. To curb excessive action and dispersion, it is mixed with some olive oil, wax and the yellow of an egg so that it may not produce hardness in uterus and kidneys. It is diuretic and emmenagogue and induces abortion. It is useful in uteralgia (if its intensity is diluted by mixing it with olive oil and wax). Aphrodisiac. It is incorporated in compound formulations which are used as an effective aphrodisiacs. In sexual debility it is plastered alone on penis. | ||||
| Side effect | It is also useful in poisoning due to insect bites. It is plastered with myrrh in cases of scorpion bite. This drug is harmful for urinary bladder if its use is prolonged. | ||||
| Medical system | Unani | ||||
| Traditional concept | Temperament | It is hot and dry in the third degree. | |||
| Drug effect | Strength giving to the vital organs (heart, brain and liver) of the body. | ||||
| Dosage | 1 to 2 gm. | ||||
| Substitute | Taj (Cinnamomum cassia Blume.). The barks of cubeb and juniper berry in its two fold quantity act as substitute of cinnamon (Avicenna). | ||||
| Related drugs | Stem bark of Cinnamomum tamala Nees and Eberm., 'Indian Cassia Lignea' is sold as cheap substitute. Chinese cassia, obtained from C. cassia Blume., imported into India, via Singapore and Hong Kong, dark red colour and sweet, pungent-taste is sometimes used as substitute. | ||||
| Corrigent (corrective) | Kasni (Cichorium intybus Linn.) and Katira. | ||||
| Important compound preparations | Jawarish Jalinus. | ||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, 1956. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi. - New Edition (1996) National Institute Science Communication; Supplement p 66. Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi p 158. Avicenna's Tract on Cardiac Drugs and Essays on Arab Cardiotherapy, 1983. Hameed, H. A. Hamdard Foundation Press, Karachi. p 73. Makhzanul-Mufradat (Khawasul Adviyah), Hakeem Kabiruddin, Daftar Al-Masih, Qarol Bagh, Delhi. pp 279-280. Dictionary of Economic Plants in India, 1996 (2nd Rep.). Singh, U; Wadhwani, A. M. and Johri B.M. Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. p 51. Al-Qanun Fil-Tibb. Avicenna. (English translation of the critical Arabic text), Book 2, 1998. Hameed, H. A. (editor), Dept. of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi. pp 204-205. Al-Jamili Mufradt Al Adwiya Wal Aghziya (1197-1248 A.D.). Ibn al-Baytar. Vols. 1-3, 1985-1999. Central council for Research in Unani Medicine, Janakpuri, New Delhi. Vol. 2, pp 170-173. Hamdard Pharmcopoeia of Eastern medicine, 1969. Said, H. M. (editor), The Times Press, Sadar Karachi. p 81. | |||
| Remarks | The drug is described by all ancient Unani physicians. This drug is very important as it is used in various compound preparations. It may also be used singly. Avicenna (Ibn Sina) has included this drug among sixty-three drugs exclusively mentioned for cardiac ailments. The essential oil, obtained from bark, is largely consumed in flavouring and pharmaceutical industry as well as in perfumery. | ||||
| Last renewal date | 2024/02/26 | ||||
