Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Kalonji |
|---|---|---|
| Urudu name | Kalonji | |
| Arabic name / Persian name | Habbet al-barakah, Habba al-sauda, Shoneez / Siyahdanah, Shoneez | |
| English name | Black Cumin | |
| Original plant name | Nigella sativa Linn., Black Cumin | |
| Family name | Ranunculaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | seed |
| Collection information | Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Karachi [Karachi], Sind , Amjad Unani Medicine (Pvt.) Ltd. | |
| Collection date | 1994/1/22 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba | |
| Identifier | Javed Ahmad | |
| Description | Features: A pretty herb, 30 to 60cm high. Flowers pale blue on solitary long peduncles. Seeds trigonous, black, rugulose - tubercular. Bitter, with sharp taste, aromatic. | |
| TMPW No. | 14549 | |
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Production area information
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25.0700428
67.2847875
Collection information
Islamic Republic of Pakistan,Karachi [Karachi], Sind
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Urudu name, English name | Kalonji, Black Cumin | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabic name / Persian name | Habbet al-barakah, Habba al-sauda, Shoneez / Siyahdanah, Shoneez | ||||
| crude drug image |
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| Original plant name | Nigella sativa Linn. | ||||
| Family name | Ranunculaceae | ||||
| Used part | Seeds | ||||
| Distribution area | A herb, cultivated in Punjab, Bengal, Assam and Bihar. Native to Western Asia, black cumin is grown throughout much of Asia and the Mediterranean region for its seeds. | ||||
| Description | The seeds are blackish in colour and have resemblance with onion seeds. Odour - strong; taste - bitter. | ||||
| Function and properties | Cosmetics, Swellings, Ulcers, Head, Eye, Excretion, Fevers. Diuretic and emmenagogue, stomach and liver tonic. | ||||
| Specific actions | Diuretic and emmenagogue, stomach and liver tonic. | ||||
| Frequency in use | Very common. | ||||
| Common uses | Cosmetics: It cleanses and removes inverted warts, freckles, pityriasis and leucoderma. Swellings: It is applied with vinegar on acne and dissolves phlegmatic and hard swellings. Ulcers: It is also applied on phlegmatic ulcers and ulcerative scabies. Head: Inhaling of roasted drug is useful in coryza. It is painted on the forehead in cold headache. It is also used for treating facial paralysis. It is one of the deobstruent drugs for ethmoid bone. Its decoction with vinegar is beneficial in odontalgia. Eye: A snuff prepared from its powder mixed with myrtle oil prevents cataract formation. Excretion: Black cumin kills tapeworms and other worms if painted on the umbilicus. Its prolonged intake for several days with honey promotes menstrual flow. It is taken with hot water in cases of cystoliths and nephroliths. Fevers: It removes phlegmatic fevers in general and melanotic fevers in particular. | ||||
| Side effect | Large doses or long term use may cause harm to throat and cephalic region and may cause haemorrhage/hemorrhage from stomach region and abortion. It may also cause diphtheria. The smoke of black cumin drives out the insects but its excessive use is fatal. It is used for treating cases of tarantula bites. | ||||
| Medical system | Unani | ||||
| Traditional concept | Temperament | Black cumin is hot and dry in the third degree (Avicenna). It is hot and dry in the second degree (Kabiruddin). | |||
| Drug effect | It is beneficial in jaundice. It is diuretic and emmenagogue. | ||||
| Comments | Black cumin has also been mentioned in the Holy Bible and it is the same plant which is described here. The Prophet Mohammad said, ''Black cumin is the cure for all the diseases except Saam'' and ''Saam is death''. Hippocrates and Dioscorides have mentioned Black cumin. The seeds are used as condiment and spice in India. | ||||
| Dosage | 1 to 2gm. | ||||
| Substitute | Anisun (Pimpinella anisum Linn.), anise seeds. | ||||
| Corrigent (corrective) | Katira (Cochlospermum religiosum (L.) Alston) and cold edible substances. | ||||
| Important compound preparations | Jawarish Shoneez, Roghan Shafa, Roghan Kalan and Zimad Bars. | ||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | Indian Medicinal Plants (Second Edition), Vols. 1-5, 1993. Kirtikar, K.R. and Basu. B.D., Periodical Experts Book Agency, Delhi Vol. 1, pp 11-12. Indian Materia Medica, Vols. 1-2, 1976 (Repr. 1989). Nadkarni, A.K., Popular Prakashan Pvt. Ltd., Bombay Vol. 1, pp 854-857. Makhzanul-Mufradat (Khawasul Adviyah), Hakeem Kabiruddin, Daftar Al-Masih, Qarol Bagh, Delhi. pp 460-461. A Survey of Drugs, 1961 (2nd edi.). Wahid, A. K. and Siddiqui, H. H. Institute of History of Medicine and Medical Research, Delhi. pp 55-59. Dictionary of Economic Plants in India, 1996 (2nd Rep.). Singh, U; Wadhwani, A. M. and Johri B.M. Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. p 152. Al-Qanun Fil-Tibb. Avicenna. (English translation of the critical Arabic text), Book 2, 1998. Hameed, H. A. (editor), Dept. of Islamic Studies, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi. pp 292-293. Hamdard Pharmcopoeia of Eastern medicine, 1969. Said, H. M. (editor), The Times Press, Sadar Karachi. pp 146, 148-149, 190. Indusyunic Medicine, 1997. Usmanghani, K., Saeed, A. and Alam, M. T. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Karachi. pp 310-311. Unani Adwiyah Mufradah, 1984. Ali, Saifuddin, A. (3rd edi.). Taraqi-e-Urdu Bureau, R. K. Puram, New Delhi. p 230. Medicinal plants (in the traditions) of Prophet Muhammad, 1998. Farooqi, M. I. H. Sidrah Publisher, Lucknow. pp. 48-51. The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants, 1996. Andrew Chavallier, DK Publishing Inc., New York. p 237. | |||
| Remarks | Scholars of Traditions have generally reported that Habba al-sauda is the Arabic name of Shoneez (Persian) and these black seeds are also called Black cumin (Kammun aswad). In Persian, names like Siyah Biranj or Siyah Danah are also given which mean Black seed. It must be clear that cumin (Arabic - Kammun) are the fruit / seeds of Cuminum cyminum (known as Zirah in Urdu, Hindi and Persian). Likewise caraway seeds from Carum carvi are also called Siyah Zirah (Black caraway or Black cumin) in Arabic Kammun Kirmani. The seeds of Vernonia anthelmintica Willd. are also called Kali Ziri (Black cumin - Kammun Barri in Arabic), in Indian Bazaars. Black cumin is entirely different from Black caraway. Thus, it may be said that there is a lot of confusion in the identities of names like Kala Dana, Siyah Dana, Kala Zirah, Siyah Zirah and Kali Ziri etc. But the black seeds (Black cumin) referred to in the Tradition under the name - Habba al-sauda are definitely the seeds from Nigella sativa and may be called Black cumin only due to the black colour of the seeds. It is in the list of drugs used exclusively in Unani medicine | ||||
| Last renewal date | 2024/02/27 | ||||
