Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Totila potu |
|---|---|---|
| Formal name | Syonaka | |
Other names Tips！ | Sona, Nasona, Sonpatti (B), Ullu, Arlu, Saona (H), Tigdu, Bunepale, Sonepatta (K), Palagapaiyani (M), Dundilum, Pampini (Te), Achi, Peiarlanthei (Ta), Totola (N), Thotila (Sin) | |
| English name | Indian Trumpet Tree | |
| Original plant name | Oroxylum indicum Vent., Indian Trumpet Tree | |
| Family name | Bignoniaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | bark |
| Collection information | Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, Polonnaruwa | |
| Collection date | 1980/01/27 | |
| TMPW No. | 7164 | |
The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative
location of its administrative area is indicated.
location of its administrative area is indicated.
Production area information
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7.940338400000001
81.01879839999992
Collection information
Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka,Polonnaruwa
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Ayurvedic name or Sanskrit name, English name | Syonaka (Bark), Indian Trumpet Tree | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Synonyms | Bhalluka, Syonasa, Tuntuka, Katvanga, Mrdubija, Priyajiva, Gojihva, Raksasajihva, Katambhara, Dirghavrntaphala, Prthusimbi, Phalakata, Mayurajangha, Sosana, Nata, Mandukaparna, Patrorna, Sukanasa, Katunnata, Aralu, Potavrksa, Tentuka, Bhutasara, Munidruma, Nihsara, Phalguvrntaka, Putipatra, Vasantaka, Pitanga, Jambuka, Pitapadapa, Vatari, Pitaka, Sona, Virecana, Bhramaresta, Barhijangha, Tintubhuta, Bhalla, Salluka, Vijana. | ||||
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| Original plant name | Oroxylum indicum Vent. | ||||
| Family name | Bignoniaceae | ||||
| Used part | Bark, Roots, Seed | ||||
| Distribution area | Found throughout the greater part of India upto an altitude of 1200m. | ||||
| Remarks | Common. | ||||
| Common uses | Most parts of the tree are used in medicine. Root bark is tonic, diaphoretic and astringent and useful in diarrhea, dysentery and rheumatism. Boiled in sesamum oil, it has been recommended for otorrhoea/otorrhea. Tender fruits are refreshing and stomachic and the seeds are purgative. In Malaya, a decoction of the leaves is given in stomachache and rheumatism; the leaves are used externally or enlarged spleen, headache and ulcers. | ||||
| Therapeutic uses | Krmi (worm infestation), Pittaslesmatisara (diarrhoea/diarrhea due to Pitta and slesma), Kasa (cough), Aruci (anorexia), Sannipata jvara (fever due to combination of all the dosas), Gulma (phantom tumour/tumor), Arsas (haemorrhoids/hemorrhoids), Amavata (morbidity of Vata). | ||||
| Chemical constituent | - The stem and root barks contain three flavone colouring matters, viz. oroxylin-A (stem bark, 0.65%; root bark, 0.86%), baicalein (stem bark, 0.5%) and chrysin (stem bark, 0.35%). Oroxylin-A is the 6-methyl ether of baicalein and has been synthesized. - The bark contains also traces of an alkaloid, tannic acid, sitosterol and galactose. The bark also contains p-coumaric acid 1.84%. - Presence of ellagic acid is reported from the root-bark and rootwood. - The seeds contain a yellow crystalline principle (m.p. 274°), and baicalein and its glucoside named tetuin (baicalein-6-glucoside, C21H20O10.2H2O, m.p. 112-14°). | ||||
| Medical system | Ayurveda (Traditional Indian medicine) | ||||
| Traditional concept | Rasa (Taste) | Madhura (Sweet), Tikta (Bitter), Kasaya (Astringent) | |||
| Virya (Potency) | Usna (Hot) | ||||
| Guna (Quality) | Laghu (Light), Ruksa (Dry) | ||||
| Vipaka (Post digestive taste) | Katu (Pungent) | ||||
| Karma (General action) | Dipana (appetiser), Grahi (constipative), Hrdya (good for heart), Rocana (improves taste), Amapacaka (digestive), Ropana (healing), Krmighna (anthelmintic), Balya (promotes strength). | ||||
| Dosakarma (Action on dosa) | Decreases Kapha Vata | ||||
| Mala (Action on excretory mechanism) | Grahi (constipative) | ||||
| Traditional usage | 1. Juice of Syonaka (Oroxylum indicum) is obtained by wrapping the leaves in mud and then heated. This is very useful to stop diarrhoea/diarrhea. 2. For alleviation of abdominal disorders, oil cooked with alkali of Agnimantha (Premna mucronata), Syonaka, Palasa (Butea monosperma), Tilanala (sesamum), Bala (Sida retusa), Kadali (Musa paradisiaca) and Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera) should be given. 3. "Syonakadi yoga", a compound preparation used to treat "urustmbha" (a kind of Vata disorder), contains Syonaka as main ingredient. 4. It enters into the formulation of "Mulaka taila" (a formulation) which has its use in disorders due to Vata. 5. It is given to digest "ama" (morbid matter) in "sannipata jvara" (fever due to all dosas). 6. In diseases of the nose, Satapuspa (Mesua ferrea), Tvak (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), roots of Bala, Syonaka, Eranda (castor) and Bilva (Aegle marmelos) with Aragvadha (Cassia fistula) mixed with fat, ghee and bee-wax should be used as smoking. 7. "Syonaka taila" (a formulation) is useful in diseases of the ear. | ||||
| Formulation | Syonaka putapaka, Brhatpancamulyadi kasaya, Dasamularista. | ||||
| Comments | Many lexicographers consider Aralu as a type of Syonaka. They use the same synonyms for both. The author of Indian Medicinal Plants and Dravyagunavijnana opine that this mistake has probably arisen because two plants have apparent external similarity during early stages of growth. In their mature state, there are wide differences in their leaves, flowers and fruits. They belong two widely different families and possess unidentical properties. Aralu is identified as Ailanthus excelsa. Hence Oroxylum indicum should not be confused with species of Ailanthus. Syonaka is included under Sitaprasamana, Sothahara, Anuvasanopaga gana by Caraka. Susruta includes it in Brhatpancamulyadi, Viratarvadi, Rodhradi gana. Its synonym tuntuka indicates that it has bell shaped flowers. Prthusimba means the fruit is long and large. Mrdubija indicates that the seeds are soft. Dirghavrnta means it bears a long petiole. Mandukaparnapatra means the leaves bear resemblance with that of mandukaparni, Sukanasa denotes that the flowers are red like beak of parrot. Putipatra means leaves have obnoxious odour. | ||||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | [2] Indian Medicinal Plants - A Compendium of 500 species, Varier, P.S., Orient Longman Ltd. Chennai (Madras) Vol. 4 (Repr.1997), pp 186-190. Dravyagunavijnana, Vols. 1-5, reprint 1998. Sharma, P.V., Chowkhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Vol. 2, pp 469-471. Classical uses of Medicinal Plants, 1996. Sharma, P.V., Chaukhambha Visvabharati, Varanasi p 381. | |||
| Remarks | The plant is reported to possess antiseptic properties. Young shoots and unripe fruits are eaten as vegetables; flowers and bark are also reported to be eaten. The tree is lopped for fodder. Thin light seeds are said to be used as stuffing material for hats and umbrellas. Bark and fruits may be used as mordant in dyeing and tanning. Wood has been reported to be used for match boxes in Philippines. Root bark is cream yellow to grey in colour, soft and juicy, without any characteristic odour; it has a sweet taste, later becoming faintly bitter; it has a short fracture, slightly fibrous inside. Stem bark is less juicy and less sweetish, but more leathery or tough. Entire roots are also often used, but they loose their vitality after a few months. The material is sometimes adulterated with the stem bark, which is tough and leathery, yellowish grey in colour with brown patches and is covered with transversely elongated or circular lenticels. Root and root bark of Ailanthes excelsa Roxb. (Family - Simarubaceae) known as Arluka or Arlu in Sanskrit, is commonly used as substitute in parts of Rajasthan and Gujrat. | ||||
| Last renewal date | 2024/01/15 | ||||
