Crude drug sample data base

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Crude drug name

Market nameTumbar
Other namesJava: katumbar, penjelang (Javanese), katuncar, tuncar (Sundanese), katombhar, tombhar (Madurese); Bali: katumbeh; Celebes: katumbali (Gorontalo), katumbara (Ujung Pandang); Sumatra: katumba (Minangkabau) [201]
English nameCoriander
Original plant nameCoriandrum sativum Linn., Coriander
Family nameUmbelliferae
Used partClassificationPlant origin
Sub classification fruit
Collection informationRepublic of Indonesia, Akar sari
Collection date1994/02/27
CollectorKatsuko Komatsu, et al.
IdentifierMangestuti Agil
TMPW No.14250

Scientific information data base

Crude drug nameIndonesian name,
English name		Ketumbar, Coriander
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Original plant nameCoriandrum sativum Linn.
Family nameUmbelliferae
Used partFruits
Distribution areaIn South-East Asian countries it is grown as a culinary herb and vegetable. It occurs in mountainous regions in Indonesia, cultivated in unirrigated agricultural field [201].
DescriptionFruits are ovoid to globose schizocarp, up to 5 mm in diameter, yellow-brown with straight longitudinal ribs alternating with 10 wavy longitudinal ridges, often crowned by the dry persistent calyx lobes and the stylopodium with styles. The fruit does not split at maturity; it has 2 mericarps and each has vittae that contains essential oil. Each mericarp has one seed with testa attached to the fruit wall.
The plant is an erect herb upt o 1.30 m tall. Stem solid, mostly with a white bloom, light green with darker green ribs, sometimes with some violet. Leaves alternate, blade white waxy, shiny green often with darker green veins, ovate or elliptical, usually pinnately divided into 3-11 leaflets. Inflorescence an indeterminate, compound umbel. Fruit an ovoid to globose schizocarp [204].
Drug effectPungent, warming [231].
Specific actionsStomachic.
Frequency in useAbundant.
Common usesIt is commonly used as a spice in a large number of Indonesian dishes in home kitchen, mostly in combination with Cuminum cyminum and popularly known as ''ketumbar jinten'' (ketumbar: coriander, jinten: C. cyminum).
Leaves also contain essential oil and they are used in the cuisine sometimes. The leaves have a very different taste from the seeds, similar to parsley but ''juicier'' and with citrus-like overtones [201, 204].
Pharmacological effectTwo alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehydes isolated from Coriandrum sativum showed bactericidal activity against S. choleraesuis and this activity comes in part from the ability to act as noninonic surfactants [PMID:15161192].

The antimutagenic activity of coriander juice against the mutagenic activity of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine and 2-aminofluorene was investigated using the Ames reversion mutagenicity assay (his- to his+) with the S. typhimurium TA98 strain as indicator organism. The negative correlation between chlorophyll content and mutagenic response of the promutagenic and direct-acting used amines allows us to deduce that a chemical interaction takes place between the two molecules, leading to the inactivation of mutagenic moiety [PMID:15451560].

Aqueous extract of CCoriandrum sativum seeds has anxyolitic effect and may have potential sedative and muscle relaxant effects [PMID:15619553].

A significant antibacterial activity, as determined with the agar diffusion method, was shown by Coriandrum sativum essential oil. The significant antibacterial activity of essential oils to the bacterial pathogens of mushrooms appears promising [PMID:15612768].
Medical systemIndonesian medicine (Jamu)
Traditional usageIt is traditionally applied to treat indigestion and in eliminating discomfort feeling of the body [201].
Formulation1) Stomach cramp during menses:
 7 pieces of coriander fruits, turmeric (size of an adult finger), 1 piece of Eugenia caryophyllata, a little amount of nutmeg. They are boiled with 110 ml of water to make 100 ml of decoction. Drink the decoction once a day for 3 days [231].

2) Stomachache:
  Turmeric (size of an adult finger), 7 pieces of coriander fruits, 7 pieces of Melaleuca leucadendra fruits, 1 teaspoon of powdered Usnea (Usnea sp.) thallus, 3 pieces of Litsea odorifera leaves. All ingredients are mixed and boiled with 110 ml of water to obtain 100 ml of decoction. Drink the decoction once a day for 4 days [231].
ReferencesReference book　

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[201] K. Heyne, Tumbuhan Berguna Indonesia, Vols. 1-4, 1987. Diedarkan Oleh Koperasi Karyawan Departemen Kehutanan, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Vol. 3, pp 1546-1547.

[204] de Guzman, C.C. and Siemonsma, J.S. (Editors), 1999. Plant Resources of South-East Asia No. 13 Species. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands.
p 104.

[231] Soedibyo, Mooryati: Alam Sumber Kesehatan: Manfaat dan Kegunaan (Natural resources for health. Benefits and uses). Balai Pustaka. 1998.
pp 219-220.

Research paper1. Emamghoreishi M, Khasaki M, Aazam MF. Coriandrum sativum: evaluation of its anxiolytic effect in the elevated plus-maze. J. Ethnopharmacol., 15;96(3):365-70, 2005. (PMID: 15619553)

2. Lo Cantore P, Iacobellis NS, De Marco A, Capasso F, Senatore F. Antibacterial activity of Coriandrum sativum L. and Foeniculum vulgare Miller var. vulgare (Miller) essential oils. J. Agric. Food Chem., 29;52(26):7862-6, 2004. (PMID: 15612768)

3. Cortes-Eslava J, Gomez-Arroyo S, Villalobos-Pietrini R, Espinosa-Aguirre JJ. Antimutagenicity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum) juice on the mutagenesis produced by plant metabolites of aromatic amines. Toxico.l Lett., 2;153(2):283-92, 2004. (PMID: 15451560)

4. Kubo I, Fujita K, Kubo A, Nihei K, Ogura T. Antibacterial activity of coriander volatile compounds against Salmonella choleraesuis. J. Agric. Food Chem., 2;52(11):3329-32, 2004. (PMID: 15161192)
Remarks[DNA sequence] EU515298
Last renewal date2024/03/08
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