Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Jaiphal |
|---|---|---|
| Formal name | Jati | |
Other names Tips！ | Jaiphal (T), Jayaphal (B), Jaiphal (H), Jajikayi, Jajikai, Jadikai (K), Jatikka, Jajikai, Jadikai (M), Jajikaya, Jajikai, Jadikai (Te), Jatikkay, Jajikai, Jadikai (Ta), Dzatiphala (Ti), Jaiphatri, Jayaphal (N), Sadikka (Sin) | |
| English name | Nutmeg | |
| Original plant name | Myristica fragrans Houtt., Nutmeg | |
| Family name | Myristicaceae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | kernel |
| Collection information | India, New Delhi , Hans Raj & Sons | |
| Collection date | 1991/05/07 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba, et al. | |
| TMPW No. | 12451 | |
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Production area information
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Collection information
India,New Delhi
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Ayurvedic name or Sanskrit name, English name | Jati (Kernel), Nutmeg | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Synonyms | Jatiphala, Triputakam, Salukam, Malatiphalam, Putam, Saumanasam, Mukhyaphalam, Tambulyam, Majjasarakhyam, Jatikosam, Jatisasyam, Majjasaram, Jatisaram, Sumanaphalam | |||
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| Original plant name | Myristica fragrans Houtt. | |||
| Family name | Myristicaceae | |||
| Used part | Fruit (Kernel, Aril, Seed) | |||
| Distribution area | Native of Moluccas. Cultivated in South India especially in Tamilnadu and to some extent in Kerala and Andhra Pradesh. | |||
| Remarks | Commonly cultivated in South India. | |||
| Common uses | Nutmeg is a stimulant, carminative, expectorant, vermifuge, nervine and astringent. It is used in tonics and electuaries for dysentery, stomachache, flatulence, nausea, vomiting, malaria, rheumatism, sciatica, heart diseases, early stages of leprosy etc. Kernels are useful in cough, asthma, emaciation, diarrhea and diabetes. It is a very good aphrodisiac and is an ingredient of a number of drugs used as sex stimulants. Nutmeg butter is used as a mild external stimulant in ointments, hair lotions and plasters and forms useful applications in cases of rheumatism, paralysis and sprains. In excessive doses it has a narcotic effect and symptoms of delirium and epileptic convulsions appear after 1-6 hours. | |||
| Therapeutic uses | Mukhavairasya (distaste), Krmi (worms), Kasa (cough), Vami (vomiting), Svasa (respiratory disorders), Sosa (emaciation), Pinasa (running nose), Hrdruja (heart pain), Kanthamaya (throat disorders), Atisara (diarrhoea/diarrhea), Meha (diabetic types) | |||
| Chemical constituent | Others - Kernels contain: essential oil and saponin. - Dry ripe seeds contain: volatile oil (6-13%), starch (14.6-24.2%) pentosans (2.25%) furfural (1.5%) and pectin (0.5-0.6%). - Fixed oil(25-40%); hexane extract of nutmeg, three active principles-myristicin, licarin-B and dehydro diisoeugenol. | |||
| Pharmacological effect | Some of the drugs containing nutmeg are reported to exhibit hallucinogenic properties causing brain damage at higher doses and even paralysis. The use of these drugs are banned in the U.S. But detailed studies have shown that nutmeg is a minor hallucinogenic plant, that most of the volitional control is retained and the duration of the influence of the drug is short, the after effects, if any, are very mild. Myristicin and licarin-B were found to possess CNS depressant properties also. Nutmeg and mace constitute the herbal drug Prajana possessing neurological activity. The drug reduces spontaneous locomotor activity in a dose dependant manner without affecting forced locomotor activity. It potentiated phenobarbitone sleeping time. In all, it exerted only a moderate degree of CNS depression. Nutmeg oil shows 70% anti-implantation activity at 40mg/kg orally in rats. The active principle in the oil, eugenol, has been reported to show chemotherapeutic properties. | |||
| Medical system | Ayurveda (Traditional Indian medicine) | |||
| Traditional concept | Rasa (Taste) | Tikta (Bitter), Katu (Pungent), Kasaya (Astringent) | ||
| Virya (Potency) | Usna (Hot) | |||
| Guna (Quality) | Tiksna (Sharp), Laghu (Light) | |||
| Vipaka (Post digestive taste) | Katu (Pungent) | |||
| Karma (General action) | Rocana (appetising), Dipana (increasing digestive fire), Svarya (good for voice), Vrsya (aphrodisiac) | |||
| Dosakarma (Action on dosa) | Decreases Kapha Vata | |||
| Mala (Action on excretory mechanism) | Grahi (constipative) | |||
| Avayava (Action on organ) | Kantha (throat) | |||
| Traditional usage | 1. Application of paste of Jatiphala (nutmeg) is good for discolouration of skin. 2. The same application is also good for cracking of feet. 3. Jatiphala with Sunthi (dry ginger) rubbed in cold water is given to check diarrhoea/diarrhea and make the stool formed. 4. The paste of Jatiphala is applied on the naval. It checks diarrhoea. 5. Lavana catussama - this formulation consisting of Jatiphala, Lavanga (Syzygium aromaticum), Jiraka (cumin), Tankana (borax) and mixed with honey and sugar destroys, by intake, all types of diarrhoea associated with indigestion. 6. In case of thirst and slight nausea water boiled with Lavanga or Jatiphala and cooled, or decoction of Musta (Cyperus rotundus) should be given in cholera. 7. Application of the paste of aril of Jatiphala removes freckles. 8. Paste of Jatiphala destroys the cracks in feet. | |||
| Formulation | Jatiphaladi curna, Jatiphaladi vati, Lavanacatussama | |||
| Comments | Oil of this is stimulating, good for old, diarrhoea/diarrhea, abdominal distension, tremor of hand, colic, rheumatic disorders, toothache and disorders of gum. | |||
| References | Reference book Tips！ | [2] Indian Medicinal Plants - A Compendium of 500 species, Varier, P.S., Orient Longman Ltd. Chennai (Madras) Vol. 4 (Repr.1997), pp 90-94. Glossary of Indian Medicinal Plants, 1956. Chopra, R.N., Nayar, S.L. and Chopra, I.C., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi. - New Edition (1996) National Institute Science Communication; Supplement pp 172-173. Illustrated Manual of Herbal Drugs Used in Ayurveda, 1996. Sarin, Y.K., Council of Scientific & Industrial Research and Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi pp 246. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part I, Vol I, Ed. I, 1989. Govt. of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Dept. of Health, New Delhi pp 53-54. Plants in Ayurveda (A Compendium of Botanical and Sanskrit Names), 1997. Abdul Kareem, M., Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions, Bangalore 1151. Dravyagunavijnana, Vols. 1-5, reprint 1998. Sharma, P.V., Chowkhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Vol. 2, pp 458-461. Classical uses of Medicinal Plants, 1996. Sharma, P.V., Chaukhambha Visvabharati, Varanasi p 151. | ||
| Remarks | Nutmeg is one of the ingredients of the Unani drug Majnoon-e-fanjnosh, a formulation recommended for indigestion, liver ailments, anaemia, ascites, piles, spermatorrhoea/spermatorrhea and dropsy. It is also an ingredient of another Unani compound preparation Habb-e-mumsik used for the treatment of excessive nocturnal emission. An Ayurvedic composite drug preparation containing nutmeg as one of the ingredients was found to give 45% improvement in patients showing generalized weakness on account of its adaptogenic, growth enhancing and health promoting properties. Nutmeg and mace constitute the herbal drug "Prajna" possessing neurological activity. | |||
| Last renewal date | 2023/12/20 | |||