Crude drug sample data base
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Crude drug name | Market name | Udu Eta |
|---|---|---|
| Formal name | Masa | |
Other names Tips！ | Mash-kalai (B), Mash-kalai (H), Uddu (K), Uzhunnu (M), Minumulu, Karuminimulu, Nallaminumulu (Te), Ulundu (Ta), Undu (Sin) | |
| English name | Black Gram | |
| Original plant name | Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, Black Gram | |
| Family name | Leguminosae | |
| Used part | Classification | Plant origin | Sub classification | seed |
| Collection information | Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, Colombo , W. Wilbert & Co. | |
| Collection date | 1982/02/01 | |
| Collector | Tsuneo Namba, et al. | |
| TMPW No. | 11735 | |
The capital city, provincial capital city or the representative
location of its administrative area is indicated.
location of its administrative area is indicated.
Production area information
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6.9270786
79.86124300000006
Collection information
Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka,Colombo
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Scientific information data base
| Crude drug name | Ayurvedic name or Sanskrit name, English name | Masa, Black Gram |
|---|---|---|
| Synonyms | Mahamudga, Dhanyamasa, Kukkundam, Vrsya, Mudgakhyam, Vatabhesaja, Kuruvinda, Vrsakara, Mamsala, Baladhya, Pitrya, Pitrjottama, Dhanyavira. | |
| Original plant name | Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper | |
| Family name | Leguminosae | |
| Used part | Roots, Seeds | |
| Distribution area | Commonly grown all over India. | |
| Remarks | Common. | |
| Common uses | Seeds are sweet, nutritious, emollient, thermogenic, diuretic, aphrodisiac, tonic, galactagogue, appetiser, laxative and nervine tonic. They are useful in dyspepsia, anorexia, strangury, constipation, haemorrhoids/hemorrhoids, hepatopathy, neuropathy and agalactia. They are used in the form of decoction powder, paste etc. Roots are narcotic and are used for ostalgia, abscess and inflammations. | |
| Therapeutic uses | Srama (tiredness), Ardita (facial paralysis), Svasa (asthmatic conditions), Paktisula (abdominal colic), Parinamabhava sula (pain during digestion). | |
| Chemical constituent | Others - Black gram is mostly consumed in the form of dal. Analysis of dal gave the following values: moisture, 10.9; protein, 24.0; fat, 1.4; fibre, 0.9: other carbohydrates, 59.6 and minerals, 3.2 g./100 g.; Ca, 154; P, 385 (phytin, 169) ; Fe, 9.1; Mg, 185 ; Na, 39.8 ; K, 800; Cu, 0.72; S, 174; and Cl, 9 mg./100 g. - Black gram contains manganese in small quantities. The calorific value per 100 g. of edible matter is 347 Kcals. )The iodine content of the pulse is reported to be 0.034 μg./g. | |
| Medical system | Ayurveda (Traditional Indian medicine) | |
| Traditional concept | Rasa (Taste) | Madhura (Sweet) |
| Virya (Potency) | Usna (Hot) | |
| Guna (Quality) | Guru (Heavy), Snigdha (Unctuous) | |
| Vipaka (Post digestive taste) | Madhura (Sweet) | |
| Karma (General action) | Rucya (improves taste), Sramsana (mild laxative), Balya (promotes strength), Sukrala (increases semen), Brmhana (bulk promoting), Bhinnamutra (diuretic), Bhinnamala (laxative), Medaprada (increases adipose tissue), Vrsya (aphrodisiac), Bahumala (increases the quantity of faeces), Sosana (dries up), Mamsavardhaka (increases flesh), Santarpana (nourishing), Kaphaprada (increases phlegm), Raktapakopana (aggravates blood), Pittaprakopana (aggravates pitta). | |
| Dosakarma (Action on dosa) | Decreases Vata, increases Kapha Pitta | |
| Dhatukarma(Action on body tissues) | Sukrala (increases sukra dhatu), Medaprada (increases medas), Mamsavardhaka (increases mamsa) | |
| Mala (Action on excretory mechanism) | Bhinnamutra (diuretic), Bhinnamala (laxative) | |
| Traditional usage | 1. Masa (Vigna mungo), Bala (Sida retusa), Kapikacchu (Mucuna pruriens), Kattrna (Cymbopogon schoenanthus), Rasna (Pluchea lanceolata), Asvagandha (Withania somnifera) and Eranda (Ricinus communis) decoction of these mixed with Hing (asafoetida) and salt should be taken warm through nostrils. It alleviates disorders of Vata like hemiplegia, torticollis, tinnitus, earache and facial paralysis within a week. 2. Decoction of Masa, Kapikacchu, Eranda and Bala mixed with Hing and rocksalt should be taken. It alleviates hemiplegia. 3. One suffering from facial paralysis should take cake of Masa flour with butter and after eating with milk and meat soup should take decoction of Dasamula* (a group of ten roots). 4. In contractures, massage with oil cooked with Masa and rocksalt is useful. In affection located in arms and head, the same should be taken through nostrils and as drink after meals. 5. Decoction of Dasamula*, Bala and Masa mixed with oil and ghee should be taken by nostrils after evening meal. It is useful in Vata disorders. 6. One who takes decoction of the root of Bala and Paribhadra (Erythrina variegata) and Kapikacchu or that of Masa by nostrils attains strength within a month. 7. In head diseases caused by Vata, one should take Masa, Mudga (green gram) or Kulattha (Dolichos biflorus) mixed with ghee or oil or paste of sesamum with milk. 8. Eating Sastika (a variety of rice) with profuse ghee with soup of Masa, following that drinking milk acts as an aphrodisiac. Similarly gruel made of Masa grains with ghee and milk acts as aphrodisiac. 9. Intake of Masa 40grams, mixed with honey and ghee followed by drinking milk acts as aphrodisiac. 10. Masa or Vidari (Pueraria tuberosa) powder 80grams impregnated with Amalaka (Phyllanthus emblica) juice and added with ample honey and ghee should be taken followed by drink of milk. It is an excellent aphrodisiac. -- Dasamula* is a formulation consisting of the ten roots of ten medicinal plants categorized as Brhatpancamul and Laghupancamula. It is generally useful in Tridosa and particularly in Vata. It alleviates fever, oedema, vatika disorders and debility. - Brhatpancamula contains five roots of trees i.e., Bilva, Agnimantha, Syonaka, Patala, and Gambhari. It pacifies Vata Dosa and Kapha Dosa. It improves appetite and digestion. It is used for the treatment of the diseases related to the digestive and musculoskeletal systems." - Laghupancamula contains five roots of shrubs (small plants) i.e., Brhati, Kantakari, Shalparni , Prisniparni, and Goksura. It pacifies Vata and Pitta Dosa, and provides nourishment and strength to the body. It is mainly used to treat diseases related to muscles, bones, joints, nerves and kidneys. | |
| Formulation | Mahamasa taila, Masabaladipacana. | |
| Comments | P. V. Sharma identifies it botanically as Phaseolus mungo where as the author Indian Medicinal Plants refers it as Vigna mungo and consider it is synonymous with P. mungo. Its synonym mahamudga indicates that it is bigger than mudga. Vrsya is the synonym indicating its action as aphrodisiac. Mamsala means it is fleshy. Baladya means it increases strength. It is called dhanyavira as it is foremost in grains. Masa is included in Simbi kula by Caraka and Susruta. | |
| References | Reference book Tips！ | [2] Indian Medicinal Plants - A Compendium of 500 species, Varier, P.S., Orient Longman Ltd. Chennai (Madras) Vol. 5 (Repr.1997), pp 367-369. Dravyagunavijnana, Vols. 1-5, reprint 1998. Sharma, P.V., Chowkhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Vol. 2, pp 393-395. Classical uses of Medicinal Plants, 1996. Sharma, P.V., Chaukhambha Visvabharati, Varanasi p 301. |
| Remarks | Considerable confusion exists in the botanical nomenclature of the two major pulses, viz. Mung (Green gram) and Urd or Mash (Black gram), grown in India on large scale. The confusion arose because Linnaeus gave the name Phaseolus mungo not to mung but to tikari, a pulse with black seeds much allied to urd, thus not conserving the vernacular name of the mung plant; he gave the name P. radiatus to a plant, evidently of mung, illustrated by Dillenius. Roxburgh later tried to set matters right by reversing the names: Roxburgh's P. mungo is mung and not either tikari or urd; his P. radiatus is urd. In Baker's account in Flora of British India, Roxburgh's treatment is followed, for P. mungo of Baker is Mung and is the same as Roxburgh's P. mungo, and not P. mungo of Linnaeus; Baker's P. mungo var. radiatusis Roxburgh's P. radiatus, but not P. radiatus of Linnaeus. This instead of eliminating the confusion made it still worse. It was confounded further when George Watt in his Dictionary of the Economic Products of India followed Roxburgh's nomenclature, while, later, in his Commercial Products of India, he followed the original nomenclature by Linnaeus. It was felt by Baker and some later authors that mung and urd are scarcely more than the botanical variants of the same single species. But this view could not find much favour because of its commercial impracticability, as the two pulses, viz. Mung and urd, had all along been kept separate in commerce as well as revenue records, and their chemical composition and utilization were quite distinctive. According to the new circumscription of the genus Phaseolus (q.v.), most of the Asiatic species, previously included in the genus, have now been included under the genus Vigna and in most of the species the nomenclature given by Verdcourt has been followed. | |
| Last renewal date | 2023/12/07 | |